NDE ni iki?

NDE ni iki?

Isuzuma ridafite ishingiro (NDE) ni ijambo rikoreshwa kenshi hamwe na NDT.Nyamara, mubuhanga, NDE ikoreshwa mugusobanura ibipimo bifite ubwinshi muri kamere.Kurugero, uburyo bwa NDE ntabwo bushobora kumenya inenge gusa, ahubwo bwanakoreshwa mugupima ikintu kijyanye nubusembwa nkubunini bwacyo, imiterere, nicyerekezo.NDE irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango umenye ibintu bifatika, nko gukomera kuvunika, guhinduka, nibindi biranga umubiri.

Tekinoroji ya NDT / NDE:

Abantu benshi basanzwe bamenyereye tekinoroji ikoreshwa muri NDT na NDE uhereye kubyo bakoresha munganda zubuvuzi.Abantu benshi bafashwe na X-ray kandi ababyeyi benshi bafite ultrasound yakoreshejwe nabaganga kugirango basuzume umwana wabo akiri munda.X-imirasire na ultrasound ni bike mubuhanga bukoreshwa murwego rwa NDT / NDE.Umubare wuburyo bwubugenzuzi busa nubwiyongere burimunsi, ariko incamake yihuse yuburyo bukoreshwa cyane itangwa hepfo.

Kwipimisha Kuboneka no Kubona (VT)

Uburyo bwibanze NDT nuburyo bwo gusuzuma.Abashinzwe ibizamini biboneka bakurikiza inzira zitandukanye uhereye gusa kureba igice kugirango barebe niba ubusembwa bwubuso bugaragara, kugeza gukoresha sisitemu ya kamera igenzurwa na mudasobwa kugirango uhite umenya no gupima ibintu bigize ikintu.

Radiografiya (RT)

RT ikubiyemo gukoresha imiyoboro ya gamma- cyangwa X-imirasire kugirango isuzume inenge yibicuruzwa nibicuruzwa nibiranga imbere.Imashini ya X-ray cyangwa isotope ikoresha radio ikoreshwa nkisoko yimirase.Imirasire iyobowe nigice no kuri firime cyangwa ibindi bitangazamakuru.Igicucu cyavuyeho cyerekana imiterere yimbere nijwi ryigice.Ubunini bwibintu hamwe nubucucike bwerekanwe nkibice byoroheje cyangwa byijimye kuri firime.Ahantu hijimye muri radiografi hepfo yerekana ubusa imbere mubice.

Ikizamini cya Magnetique (MT)

Ubu buryo bwa NDT bugerwaho no gutera umurima wa magneti mubikoresho bya ferromagnetiki hanyuma ugahindura umukungugu hejuru hamwe nuduce twa fer (byumye cyangwa byahagaritswe mumazi).Ubuso hamwe nubuso hafi yubuso butanga inkingi za magneti cyangwa kugoreka umurima wa magneti kuburyo ibice byicyuma bikururwa kandi bikusanyirizwa hamwe.Ibi bitanga ibimenyetso bigaragara byerekana inenge hejuru yibikoresho.Amashusho ari hepfo yerekana igice mbere na nyuma yo kugenzura ukoresheje ibice byumye bya rukuruzi.

Kwipimisha Ultrasonic (UT)

Mugupima ultrasonic, amajwi menshi yumurongo woherezwa mubikoresho kugirango tumenye ubusembwa cyangwa kumenya impinduka mubintu.Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo gupima ultrasonic ni pulse echo, aho ijwi ryinjizwa mubintu byikizamini kandi bikagaragaza (echo) biturutse ku busembwa bwimbere cyangwa igice cya geometrike igice gisubizwa mubakira.Hasi nurugero rwogosha weld kugenzura.Reba icyerekezo kigera kumupaka wo hejuru wa ecran.Iyerekana ryakozwe nijwi ryagaragaye kuva inenge iri muri weld.

Kwipimisha Kwinjira (PT)

Ikintu cyo kwipimisha cyashizwemo igisubizo kirimo irangi rigaragara cyangwa fluorescent.Igisubizo kirenzeho noneho kivanwa hejuru yikintu ariko kigasigara gifite ubusembwa.Iterambere noneho irakoreshwa kugirango ikure abinjira mubitagenda neza.Hamwe n'irangi rya fluorescent, urumuri ultraviolet rukoreshwa kugirango floresce yamenetse neza, bityo bigatuma ubusembwa bugaragara byoroshye.Hamwe namabara agaragara, ibara ryiza ritandukanye hagati yinjira nuwiteza imbere bituma "maraso" yoroshye kubona.Ibimenyetso bitukura hepfo byerekana umubare winenge muriki gice.

Ikizamini cya Electromagnetic (ET)

Umuyagankuba (eddy torents) ubyara ibikoresho bitwara ibintu hamwe na magnetiki ihinduka.Imbaraga ziyi miyoboro ya eddy irashobora gupimwa.Inenge yibikoresho itera guhagarika imigendekere yimigezi ya eddy imenyesha umugenzuzi ko hari inenge.Imiyoboro ya Eddy nayo yibasiwe nubushakashatsi bwamashanyarazi hamwe na magnetiki yinjira mubintu, bigatuma bishoboka gutondekanya ibikoresho bimwe ukurikije iyi miterere.Umutekinisiye hepfo arimo kugenzura ibaba ryindege kubera inenge.

Kwipimisha Kumeneka (LT)

Tekinike nyinshi zikoreshwa mugutahura no kumenya ibimeneka mubice byumuvuduko, imiyoboro yumuvuduko, nuburyo.Ibimeneka birashobora gutahurwa ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gutegera kuri elegitoronike, gupima igipimo cyumuvuduko, tekinoroji ya gaz na gaze, na / cyangwa ikizamini cyoroshye cyisabune.

Kwipimisha imyuka ya Acoustic (AE)

Iyo ibintu bikomeye bishimangiwe, ubusembwa buri mubintu butera imbaraga nke za acoustic bita "imyuka ihumanya."Nko mu igeragezwa rya ultrasonic, imyuka ya acoustic irashobora gutahurwa nabakira bidasanzwe.Inkomoko y’ibyuka birashobora gusuzumwa hifashishijwe ubushakashatsi bwimbaraga zabo nigihe cyo gukusanya amakuru yerekeye inkomoko yingufu, nkaho ziherereye.