Akaga kahishe k'ubushyuhe mu bipimo bya CMM—n'uburyo bwo kubyikuraho

Washoye imari mu mashini igezweho yo gupima. Porogaramu irapimwa. Imashini zipima zifite icyemezo. Nyamara, ibipimo byawe birahindagurika. Si byinshi cyane—mikoro imwe gusa hano, kimwe cya kabiri cya mikoro imwe hariya. Ariko mu isi ya metrologiya igezweho cyane, iryo hindagurika ni itandukaniro riri hagati yo gutsindwa no gutsindwa, hagati y’ubwiza n’ivugurura, hagati y’inyungu n’ibisigazwa.

Mu by'ukuri, ikirere gishyuha ni iki?

Guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe bibaho iyo ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rituma ibice by'imiterere y'uburyo bwo gupima byaguka cyangwa bigatandukana. IyoIbice bya CMM—umubumbe, ibipimo, abayobozi, cyangwa ishingiro—byaguka mu buryo butangana, bitanga uburyo bwo guhindagurika kw'imiterere y'igipimo biganisha ku makosa yo gupima.

Ikibazo ni kibi kuko kitagaragara. Ntushobora kubona ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 9 ku gice cy'inyuma cy'urukuta rwa granite, ariko gishobora gutuma habaho impinduka y'uburebure bugaragara ku gipimo cya 1 μm kuri dogere selisiyusi. Muri metrologiya y'urwego rwa nanometero, ibyo ni akaga gakomeye.

Ndetse n'ubushyuhe buke busabwa muri laboratwari y'ibipimo—ubusanzwe 20°C ± 0.5°C—bushobora gutera ubushyuhe buhagije mu byuma ku buryo butera guhindagurika gukomeye. Icyuma gifite CTE inshuro ebyiri z'icya granite. Aluminiyumu ifite CTE inshuro eshatu z'ubushyuhe. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'icyumba buzenguruka—nk'uko bigenda mu nyubako iyo ari yo yose—ibice by'icyuma birakura kandi bigatandukana ku gipimo gitandukanye n'icy'ibanze cya granite, bigatuma habaho guhindagurika kw'ibipimo ku buryo buri gipimo kiba gikenewe.

Impamvu Granite ari yo Ngabo y'Ubushyuhe

Igisubizo si uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe cyane. Ni fondasiyo idahinduka mbere na mbere.

CTE nto cyane ya Granite igabanya impinduka mu buryo budasanzwe, ikomeza isano iri hagati y’imirongo ya CMM n’igice cyapimwe. Granite yacu yirabura ya ZHHIMG®, ifite ubucucike bwa ≈3100 kg / m³, itanga ubushyuhe burenze granite nyinshi z’umukara zo mu Burayi no muri Amerika. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bw’ibanze bwa granite bukora nk'ikigega kinini cy’ubushyuhe, bugabanya ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe kandi bugakomeza ibidukikije bitagira ubushyuhe ku rugero rwose rwo gupima.

Ariko ibikoresho byonyine ntibihagije. Ibidukikije na byo bifite akamaro.

Guhanga ibidukikije bihamye mu bushyuhe

Muri ZHHIMG®, twafashe uburyo bwo guhagarara neza mu bushyuhe mu nganda. Iduka ryacu rya metero kare 10.000 rikoresha ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bidahinduka ryubatswe ku musingi ukomeye cyane wa sima wa mm 1000. Iri duka rikikijwe n'imiyoboro irwanya guhungabana ifite ubugari bwa mm 500 na mm 2000 z'ubujyakuzimu. Imbere, hari ibyuma byihariye bitavuga cyane bikoresha kugira ngo bigumane ibidukikije bitagira guhungabana kandi bihamye.

Ariko turakomeza. Dufite icyumba cyihariye cyo gusukura gifite ubushyuhe buhoraho kandi kidahinduka, gishushanya ahantu hakorerwa ibikoresho bya semiconductor—cyagenewe cyane cyane guteranya ibice bya granite. Ibi ntibigamije gusa kugumisha ubushyuhe kuri dogere selisiyusi 20. Ni ukugabanya ubushyuhe mu bice binini by’inyubako mu gihe cy’ingenzi cyane cyo gukora: guteranya no kugenzura bwa nyuma.

Urunigi rwo gupima

Birumvikana ko udashobora kugenzura ibyo udashobora gupima. Niyo mpamvu laboratwari yacu ya metrology ifite ibikoresho bipima bigezweho ku isi: German Mahr dial gauges (resolution ya 0.5 μm), Mitutoyo micrometers na digital calipers, Swiss WYLER electronic levels, na British Renishaw laser interferometers. Buri gikoresho gifite ibyemezo byo gupima biva mu Kigo cya Jinan Institute of Metrology na Shandong Institute of Metrology—kandi buri gupima ibicuruzwa bishobora gukurikirwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubumenyi bw’Ibintu mu Bushinwa.

Igice cy'Umuntu

Dore ikintu ibitabo bitakubwira: ndetse n'ibikoresho byiza cyane n'ibidukikije bihamye ntibishobora gusimbura ubwenge bw'abantu. Imashini zacu z'inzobere mu gusya, buri imwe ifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 30 mu gusya, zishobora kumenya neza umubare wa mikoroni z'ibikoresho zikuraho hamwe. Abakiriya bacu babita "urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rugenda". Ntibakurikiza gusa inzira; bumva ibikoresho, bumva impinduka mu miterere y'ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho bigaragaza ihindagurika rya mikorosikopi mu buryo burambuye.

Iyi gahunda yo gushyiramo ibitekerezo ku buryo bufatika—ihuza ibikorwa remezo byo ku rwego rw'isi n'ibitekerezo by'umuntu bidasimburwa—ituma buri gice cya ZHHIMG® granite, kuva ku masahani yo hejuru kugeza ku byuma bitanga umwuka, byujuje ibisabwa cyane ku isi.

Inama z'ingirakamaro ku baguzi

Iyo umucuruzi avuze "granite" ntagaragaze niba ari amabuye yacukuwe cyangwa amabuye y'agaciro, baza utaziguye—itandukaniro ry'igiciro, imiterere y'ubuziranenge ishoboka, n'imiterere y'igihe kirekire biratandukanye bihagije ku buryo itandukaniro rigomba kuba igice cy'urupapuro rw'ibipimo bya tekiniki. Ku bijyanye n'ubuhanga bwo gupima neza cyane, saba ubucucike nyabwo, CTE, n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu byagezweho—atari izina ry'ibikoresho gusa.

Kubera ko mu isi yo gupima urwego rwa nanometer, gushyuha kw'ubushyuhe si ikibazo ukemura ukoresheje porogaramu zishyurwa. Ni ikibazo urinda ukoresheje ibikoresho bikwiye, ibidukikije bikwiye, n'abantu bakwiye.