Uburyo bwo guhitamo urwego rukwiye ku isafuriya yawe ya Granite

Mu isi yo gukora ibintu neza, buri gipimo gikenera "inota rya zeru" - urwego rwizewe kandi rugororotse aho ibindi bipimo byose bikomoka. Mu gihe kirenga imyaka mirongo itanu, icyuma cyo hejuru cya granite cyabaye nk'iki gipimo cy'ibanze. Ariko, iyo bigeze ku bijyanye no gushyira ibikoresho mu cyumba cyo kugenzura cyangwa aho imashini zikorera, kimwe mu bibazo duhura na byo akenshi si ingano y'icyuma, ahubwo ni urwego.

Guhitamo amanota akwiye ni uguhuza imiterere y’imishinga yawe n’ibidukikije by’aho ukorera. Guhitamo amanota ari hasi cyane bishobora kwangiza igenzura ryawe ry’ubuziranenge, mu gihe guhitamo iri hejuru cyane bidakenewe bishobora gutera ibiciro bikabije n’ibibazo byo kubungabunga. Kugira ngo ufate icyemezo gishingiye ku makuru, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa icyo ayo manota ahagarariye mu by’ukuri n’uko akora mu buzima busanzwe.

Ishusho y'Uburyo Butunganye: Gusobanukirwa Ubushobozi bwo Kwihanganira Ubusa

Ingano z'ibice by'ubuso si ibirango bidafite ishingiro; bigenwa neza n'amahame mpuzamahanga (nka ASME B89.3.7 cyangwa ISO 8512-2). Aya mahame agena "Ikosa ritagereranywa ryemewe" ku buryo bungana ku buso bwose. Iyo tuvuze ku buryo bungana muri uru rwego, tuba tuvuga intera iri hagati y'uturere tubiri dufatanye dutwikira imisozi yose n'ibibaya by'ubuso bw'amabuye.

Muri rusange, inganda zishyira amasahani mu byiciro bitatu by'ibanze:

• Icyiciro cya AA (Igiciro cya Laboratwari): Ni cyo gipimo cyo hejuru cyane, gikunze kugenerwa laboratwari zigenzura ubushyuhe.

• Icyiciro cya A (Igiciro cy'Igenzura): Ni urwego rukora rw'amashami agenzura ubuziranenge, atanga urwego rwo hejuru rw'ubuziranenge mu igenzura rusange.

• Icyiciro cya B (Igiciro cy'icyumba cy'ibikoresho): Cyagenewe iduka, aho imiterere y'ibanze n'igenzura rito bibaho.

Itandukaniro mu bugari hagati y’izi ntera ripimirwa muri mikorometero (microns). Urugero, icyuma gito cya Laboratwari cya AA gishobora kwihanganira ubugari bwa mikorometero 2.5, mu gihe icyuma cya Toolroom cya B kingana gishobora gutuma kigera kuri mikorometero 10. Nubwo iyi mibare isa n’aho ari nto cyane, iba ikintu gikomeye iyo urimo gushyiramo ibice by’igenzura cyangwa ukoresha ibimenyetso by’ikoranabuhanga bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru.

Icyiciro cya AA: Igipimo ngenderwaho cya Laboratwari

Niba ikigo cyawe gikorera mu by’indege, mu gukora ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, cyangwa mu guteranya ibikoresho bya semiconductor, ushobora kuba ukeneye Grade AA. Izi plaque zagenewe gupima "master". Kubera ko ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu buto cyane, plaque za Grade AA zirushaho kwitabwaho n’ibidukikije.

Isahani ya AA yo mu rwego rwo hejuru iba ifite ubuziranenge nk'icyumba irimo. Muri laboratwari y'ibipimo, ubushyuhe bukunze kuba kuri dogere 20°C (68℉). Iyo ugiye gushyirahoIcyapa cya AA cy'urwegoKu iduka riri hafi y'umuryango ufunguye, ubushyuhe bukabije—itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'ibuye ryo hejuru n'iryo hasi—ryatuma isahani igorama bihagije kugira ngo ivane ku bipimo bya AA mu minota mike. Kubwibyo, ugomba guhitamo AA gusa niba ufite ahantu hagenzurwa kugira ngo urinde ishoramari ryawe.

Icyiciro cya A: Ishuri ry'Abakozi ryo mu cyumba cy'igenzura

Ku bwinshi mu maduka acuruza imashini zikora neza, Icyiciro cya A ni cyo gikwiye cyane. Gitanga ubuziranenge bukenewe mu kugenzura ibice byakozwe ku mashini za CNC bitabaye "bito" nk'amabuye yo mu cyiciro cya Laboratwari. Amasahani yo mu cyiciro cya A ni meza cyane yo gukoreshwa afite ibipimo by'uburebure, imigozi ya sine, n'imashini zipima (CMMs) mu gace kabigenewe ko kugenzura, nubwo wenda atari "icyumba cy'isuku," abikwa ku bushyuhe buhamye.

Icyiciro cya A gitanga "umwanya mwiza" mu bijyanye n'inyungu. Gitanga ubunyangamugayo buhagije kugira ngo gihuze n'ibisabwa na ISO 9001 mu gihe gikomeza kuba kirekire bihagije kugira ngo gikoreshwe buri munsi n'abatekinisiye benshi.

Icyiciro cya B: Ubuziranenge bukomeye ku cyumba cy'ibikoresho

Amasahani yo mu cyiciro cya B ni yo mashusho y’ingenzi adahimbwa mu ikorwa ry’ibicuruzwa. Aya masahani agenewe gukoreshwa aho akazi kabera. Ni manini kandi akomeye, yagenewe gutwara uburemere bw’ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba cyangwa ibikoresho biremereye.

Nubwo utakoresha plaque ya Grade B kugira ngo utunganye imiterere y'ibice byawe by'ingenzi, birahagije cyane mu kugenzura imiterere y'igice cyangwa kugenzura imiterere yacyo mbere y'uko gikoreshwa igihe kirekire. Akamaro k'ibanze ka Grade B ni ubushobozi bwacyo bwo kwihanganira; gitanga ubuso buhamye kandi bunoze kurusha intebe isanzwe y'icyuma, ariko ntigisaba "uturindantoki tw'umweru" tworoshye ku buso bwa AA-grade.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho mu gihe uhitamo

Mu gihe uhitamo amanota ugomba kugura, ibaze ibibazo bitatu bikurikira:

1. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwihanganira ibintu bukabije? Itegeko risanzwe ni igipimo cya 10: 1. Igikoresho cyawe cyo gupima (harimo n'icyapa cyo hejuru) kigomba kuba gifite ubuziranenge inshuro icumi kurusha igice upimye. Niba ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwihanganira ibice ari ± 0.01 mm, imiterere y'icyapa cyawe cyo hejuru igomba kuba ifite ubuziranenge kuri 0.001 mm.

2. Iyo saha izaba he? Nkuko byavuzwe, ibidukikije ni umwanzi ukomeye w’ubuziranenge. Amasaha yo mu rwego rwo hejuru asaba ubushyuhe buhamye. Niba icyumba cyawe cyo kugenzura kirimo izuba rikubita iyo saha cyangwa imiyoboro y’umwuka ihuha neza, isaha yo mu rwego rwa AA ishobora kutazigera iguma iringaniye.

3. Ibice bifite uburemere bungana iki? Ibice biremereye bishobora gutera "gushyira ibintu mu mwanya" no kugorama. Nubwo urwego rwerekeza ku kugorora, amasahani yo mu rwego rwo hejuru akenshi asaba gupimwa kenshi iyo ashyizwemo imitwaro iremereye ishobora kwangiza ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ibuye uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Umwanzuro: Ishingiro ry'Ubwizere

Isahani y'ubuso bwa granite si ibuye gusa; ni ishingiro ry'icyizere cy'umukiriya wawe. Waba uhisemo uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha Grade AA, uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha Grade A, cyangwa uburyo bukomeye bwo gukoresha Grade B, ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza ko plaque ihora ipimwa kandi ibungabungwa neza.

Usobanukiwe neza imiterere y’ubuhanga bw’ibi byiciro, ushobora kwemeza ko icyumba cyawe cyo kugenzura gifite ibikoresho byo gukemura ibibazo byo mu nganda zigezweho udakoresheje amafaranga menshi ku bipimo bitari ngombwa.