Imirasire ya Karuboni irimo kugaragara ahantu ibyuma byakoreshejwe mu gutunga

Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, ikiraro cyangwa umuyoboro w’ikiraro ku rukuta rugenda rwihuta cyane hafi ya byose byari icyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu, ahanini byatoranywaga kubera ko byari bizwi kandi byoroshye kubikuramo. Ibyo bihinduka buhoro buhoro hirya no hino mu gaceibikoresho by'ubuhangainganda, kandi impamvu ni igipimo cyihariye cy’ubuhanga: gukomera ku buremere.

Icyuma gifite ubukana buhebuje, ariko kiraremereye. Aluminiyumu ni yoroshye ariko irakomeye cyane, bityo umuringoti wa aluminiyumu ufite ubukana nk'ubw'icyuma akenshi uba uremereye cyane iyo uwugize ubukana kugira ngo ubyibushye. Imiringoti ya fibre ya karuboni igabanya ubwo bucucike. Umuringoti wa fibre ya karuboni ukozwe neza ushobora guhuza cyangwa kurenza ubukana bw'umuringoti wa aluminiyumu hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'uburemere, kuko icyerekezo cya fibre gishobora gukorwa ku rundi ruhande kugira ngo kidapfunyika cyane cyane ku murongo w'ingenzi, aho kwishingikiriza ku miterere y'ibikoresho bimwe mu cyerekezo cyose nk'uko icyuma gisohora.

Impamvu ibiro ari ingenzi kurusha uko bisa n'aho bikwiye kuba

Kuri sisitemu yo kugenda ya XY yo mu bwoko bwa gantry, igiti kiri hagati y’imirongo ibiri igororotse kiba gifite uburemere buri gihe iyo sisitemu ihagaze. Kata ubwo buremere na kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa kirenzeho, kandi moteri za servo ntizigomba gukora cyane kugira ngo zihutishe kandi zigabanye umuvuduko, igihe cyo gutuza nyuma ya buri gikorwa kigabanuka, kandi sisitemu yose ishobora gukora umuzunguruko wihuse idakoresheje uburyo bwo gukurura. Mu bikorwa nka flying-optics laser cutting, high-speed PCB drilling, no guteranya pick-and-place - aho imashini ishobora gukora ibikorwa ibihumbi mirongo kuri buri shift - gukata milisegonda kuri buri gikorwa cyo gutuza byongera inyungu ifatika mu gihe cyuzuye cyo gukora.

Hari inyungu ya kabiri itagira icyo yitaho cyane: fibre ya karuboni ifite ubushyuhe buke cyane ku murongo wayo wa fibre, mu buryo bumwe na bumwe bugera kuri zeru, ibyo bikaba ari byiza cyane kurusha aluminium ya 23 x 10⁻⁶ kuri °C. Ku murabyo ugera kuri metero imwe cyangwa irenga kandi ukeneye kuguma mu mwanya usubirwamo mu gihe ubushyuhe bw’ikirere bugenda buhoro buhoro, ubwo butuze ni ingenzi kimwe no kuzigama ibiro.

Impinduka ni ukuri

Imitako ya fibre ya karuboni si ivugururwa rusange. Ihenda cyane kuyikora kurusha igice cya aluminiyumu cyakuweho, igishushanyo mbonera n'uburyo bwo kuyishyiraho bisaba ubuhanga bwihariye aho kuyikoresha mu buryo busanzwe, kandi gusana nyuma yo kuyikoraho ntibiba biremereye cyane kurusha uko bigenda mu cyuma - umutako wa aluminiyumu wangiritse akenshi ushobora kuvugururwa, mu gihe umutako wangiritse ukunze kuba ukeneye gusimburwa. Ku bikoresho bifite umuvuduko muto kandi bifite ubushishozi buke aho ikiguzi cy'igiciro kidashingiye ku izamuka ry'umusaruro cyangwa kwiyongera kw'ubuziranenge, aluminiyumu ikomeza kuba ikintu cyumvikana.

Aho ikoranabuhanga rigana

Uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ubu ni muri sisitemu ya laser iguruka, roboti zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura bya semiconductor, aho abubaka imashini bahora bakandamizwa kugira ngo bongere ingendo ku munota badasiba gukoresha neza aho bashyira ibintu. Uko tekiniki zo gushyiramo fibre ya karuboni zigenda zirushaho kuba nziza kandi ibiciro bigakomeza kugabanuka kuva aho byari biri mu myaka icumi ishize, ni byiza ko imirasire ivanze iva ku kintu cya "premium option" ijya ku kintu gisanzwe kuri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose yo kugenda aho umuvuduko n'ubuziranenge byombi ari ingenzi - cyane uko ishingiro rya granite ryavuye ku kintu cyihariye rijya ku gipimo cy'inganda zipima ugereranyije n'ibikoresho byakozwe mbere.