Gusobanukirwa ihame n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga

Mu isi ikomeye yo gukora no gupima neza, kugera ku murongo ugororotse ntabwo bishoboka kubiganiraho. Ingano gakondo z'ibice binini zikunze kugabanuka iyo hakenewe ubuziranenge bwa sub-arc second. Aha niho Urwego rwa Electronic, igikoresho cyo gupima giteye imbere, kiba igikoresho cy'ingenzi. Gitanga ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gupima inguni z'iminota no kunyerera neza cyane, kikagira uruhare runini mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imashini n'ibikoresho bigezweho.

Fiziki y'ubuhanga iri inyuma y'urwego rwa elegitoroniki

Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora cyane cyane binyuze mu mahame abiri y’umubiri y’ingenzi cyane: ihame ry’ingufu n’ihame ry’ubushobozi. Bitewe n’imiterere yabyo, ibi bikoresho bishobora gupima ihindagurika mu rugero rumwe (1D) cyangwa ingano ebyiri (2D).

Urwego rwa elegitoroniki rukoresha ikoranabuhanga rushingiye ku mpinduka mu guhindagurika kwa rukuruzi. Iyo ishingiro ry'igikoresho rihengamye bitewe n'aho igikoresho gipimirwa, pendulum y'imbere cyangwa uburemere bw'ingufu zihindura aho ziherereye. Uku kugenda gutera impinduka z'amashanyarazi zijyanye na coil yo kwinjizwa iri hafi. Ubunini bw'iyi mpinduka y'amashanyarazi buhinduka mu buryo butaziguye inguni yo kwinjizwa.

Ku rundi ruhande, Urwego rwa elegitoroniki rukoresha impinduka mu bushobozi bw'amashanyarazi. Mu nda yarwo hari pendulum izengurutse ihagaze neza n'insinga nto, ikora neza mu buryo butagira umuvuduko bitewe n'imbaraga rukuruzi. Ama-electrode ashyirwa ku mpande zombi z'uru ruzunguruka. Iyo urwego ruri ku ruhande rutambitse neza, icyuho cy'umwuka ku mpande zombi kirangana, bigatuma habaho agaciro k'ubushobozi bumwe. Iyo urwego ruhengamye, rugizweho ingaruka n'ikintu gikorerwaho, pendulum irahinduka, bigatuma intera y'icyuho ihinduka ingana. Uku guhinduka mu ntera bivamo itandukaniro rishobora gupimwa mu bushobozi, hanyuma bigahindurwa neza mu gipimo cy'inguni.

Porogaramu mu Gukoresha Ibikoresho Bifite Ubunyangamugayo Buhanitse

Urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga ni ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura uburyo ibikoresho by'imashini n'ibikoresho byo gupima bifite ubuhanga buhanitse kandi bihuzwa neza. Bitewe n'ubuhanga bukabije, igikoresho gishobora kubona ibintu bidafite aho bihuriye n'imikorere ya sisitemu muri rusange. Gikoreshwa buri gihe mu gupima ubuso bw'imashini zigezweho nka NC lathes, imashini zisya, ahantu ho gukata, na Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs). Ubushobozi bwacyo bwo hejuru busobanura ko, nubwo haba hari intera nto yo gupima—akenshi ibarwa kugira ngo yemererwe kugenda kwa ± 25 scale divisions—igikoresho gishobora gutanga ibipimo nyabyo mu ntera ihamye kandi yihariye, byemeza ko mashini ikora neza.

Uruhare mu kugenzura ubugari: Isahani y'ubuso yakuweho

Uburyo bumwe bukomeye bwo gukoresha urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga ni ugusuzuma ubuso bunini bw'ibipimo, nk'amabara ya granite cyangwa ibyuma bicuzwe. Urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rutanga uburyo bworoshye, ariko bunoze cyane bwo gusuzuma ubugari bw'ubuso.

Mu gihe ukoresha urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga mu gusuzuma izi baseplates, intego y'ingenzi mu mikorere ni ukumenya uburebure bukwiye bw'ikiraro gifitanye isano (cyangwa igikoresho cyo gupima), ibyo bikaba biterwa n'ingano rusange y'icyapa kirimo kugeragezwa. Mu buryo bw'ingenzi, mu gihe cyose cyo gupima, urujya n'uruza rw'iki kiraro rugomba kuba rufatanye neza kandi rufatanye. Ubu buryo bwo gupima bunonosoye, intambwe ku yindi—aho buri gice gipima gikurikiraho gihuza n'icyabanje—ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gituma agaciro ka nyuma k'ubugari kabazwe kabarwa kari hafi y'imiterere nyayo y'ubuso uko bishoboka kose.

Umwanzuro

Iterambere kuva ku rwego rusanzwe rw'ibice by'umukara kugera ku rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rugezweho rigaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu kugenzura ubuziranenge no gupima. Mu gukoresha fiziki y'ibanze—yaba induction cyangwa capacitance—ibi bikoresho bitanga amakuru akenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane ko guhuza ibikoresho by'ubuziranenge byujuje ibisabwa neza. Ku kigo icyo ari cyo cyose cyagenewe ubuziranenge n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, gusobanukirwa no gushyira mu bikorwa urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga si igikorwa cyiza gusa; ni ngombwa cyane kugira ngo dukomeze kugira amahirwe yo guhangana.