Twagize abakiriya batwoherereza icyemezo cyo gupima icyuma bataguze, bakatubaza niba gisa neza mbere yo gusinya igenzura ritaha. Akenshi, icyemezo kiba gifite kashe, itariki, n'umusaruro w'impinduka/gutsindwa - kandi nta kintu na kimwe kikwereka aho imibare yaturutse. Icyo ni cyo cyuho abantu benshi batazi cyo gushaka kugeza igihe umuntu abasabye kwiregura ku nyandiko zabo zo gupima ku mugenzuzi w'imari cyangwa umukiriya.
Icyemezo ntigishobora gukurikizwa kuko gifite umukono n'ikirango. Gishobora gukurikizwa bitewe n'uruhererekane rw'imibare runaka, kandi urwo ruhererekane ruragenzurwa niba uzi icyo ugomba gushaka.
Icyo "gukurikiranwa" mu by'ukuri bisobanura
Gukurikirana bivuze ko agaciro kari ku cyemezo cya plaque yawe gashobora guhuzwa, binyuze mu ruhererekane rudacika rw'isuzuma, gasubira ku gipimo cy'igihugu cyangwa mpuzamahanga - hamwe n'ibisobanuro bitazwi neza kuri buri ruhererekane ruri muri urwo ruhererekane. Buri ruhererekane rurakenewe: igikoresho cyapimye plaque yawe ubwacyo cyapimwe hakurikijwe icyitegererezo, icyo kimenyetso cyapimwe hakurikijwe icyitegererezo cyo ku rwego rwo hejuru, n'ibindi kugeza ku kigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibipimo.
Niba hari isano iri muri uwo muyoboro ibuze - igikoresho cyapimwe imbere mu nzu kidakurikiranwa, cyangwa icyemezo kitavuga ibipimo byo hejuru byakoreshejwe - umuyoboro uba waracitse, kandi inomero iri ku cyemezo cyawe, uko cyaba kimeze kose, ntabwo ikurikiranwa n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyo hanze. Ishobora kuba ikiri ukuri. Ntushobora kubigaragaza ukoresheje impapuro gusa.
Ibintu bitanu byo kugenzura icyemezo
1. Ni nde wayitanze, kandi ni iki? Icyemezo kigomba kwita laboratwari yo gupima, kandi kikagaragaza neza ko yemewe (ISO/IEC 17025 ni cyo gipimo cy’ingenzi cya laboratwari zo gupima by’umwihariko - icyemezo rusange cya ISO 9001 ku rubuga rw’ikigo ntabwo ari kimwe kandi ntikigaragaza uburyo ibipimo bipimwa bikurikirana). Ibikoresho byacu byo gupima bipimwa binyuze mu bigo by’ubugenzuzi bw’intara ya Jinan na Shandong, aho uruhererekane rugera ku ntera z’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubugenzuzi bw’ibizamini - niba icyemezo usoma kidasobanura urwego rungana narwo, baza.
2. Itariki, n'igihe cyo gukoresha. Gupima ni inyandiko ivuga ku gikoresho cyangwa icyapa ku munsi cyapimwe, ntabwo ari umutungo uhoraho. Reba itariki yo gusuzuma ukurikije ibisabwa kugira ngo wongere ugenzure, kandi urebe niba icyemezo kivuga igihe gisabwa - icyemezo kidafite igihe cyavuzwe ntacyo kikubwira ku gihe cyo kongera gusuzuma.
3. Kutamenya neza, si igisubizo cyo gutsinda/gutsindwa gusa. Iki ni cyo abantu basimbuka kenshi. Icyemezo kivuga ngo “Impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya 0, PASS” kikubwira ko icyapa cyahuye n’umugozi wo kwihanganira ku munsi wo gupima. Ntikikubwira uburyo icyo gipimo cyari cyizewe. Icyemezo gikwiye kivuga ku kutamenya neza gupima (akenshi cyanditswe nka ± agaciro runaka gafite ikintu cyo gukingira, akenshi k=2 ku cyizere cya 95%) hamwe n’umusaruro. Niba ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwihanganira ibintu buri hafi y’ubushobozi bwatanzwe bwo kwihanganira ibintu, kutamenya neza gupima ni umubare ukubwira niba “PASS” ifite aho igarukira cyangwa iri ku mfuruka.
4. Uburyo bwo gupima n'igikoresho cyakoreshejwe. Icyemezo kigomba kugaragaza icyakoreshejwe mu gupima icyuma - uburyo bwa elegitoroniki n'uburyo bwa grid, interferometer, igereranya rya plate reference - kandi byaba byiza igikoresho cyihariye gipima. Uburyo butandukanye bufite ibintu bitandukanye bitazwi neza, kandi umubare w'ubugari budafite uburyo bwavuzwe biragoye gusuzuma ukurikije ibyo ukeneye.
5. Imiterere y'ibidukikije mu gihe cyo gupima. Ubushyuhe nibura, ndetse n'ubushuhe, bigomba kwandikwa, kuko granite n'ibikoresho byo gupima byombi bihangana n'ubushyuhe. Icyemezo cy'uko ibintu bihagaze gitangwa kuri 30°C ku isahani izakora kuri 20°C ntabwo ari kibi mu buryo bwikora, ariko icyemezo kigomba nibura kukubwira imiterere kugira ngo umenye niba iri hafi y'aho ukorera ku buryo idafite icyo ivuze nta gukosora.
Impamvu ibi bivuze byinshi kuruta uko abantu babitekereza kugeza igihe bitazaba ingenzi
Twagize ikibazo aho sisitemu y’ubuziranenge bw’umukiriya yagenzurwaga, maze umugenzuzi abasaba kwerekana urunigi rw’uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibikoresho biri inyuma y’icyemezo cy’umutanga serivisi cyo gupima ibikoresho bifasha umukiriya gupima. Icyemezo cyari kuri dosiye cyanditseho "cyagenzuwe" gifite itariki n’umukono - nta laboratwari yemewe yitwa, nta kintu kidasobanutse cyavuzwe, nta buryo bwanditse. Ntabwo ari uko icyapa cyari kibi. Ni uko nta buryo bwo kwerekana ko ari ukuri, ku mpapuro, igihe umuntu yabazaga. Icyo ni cyo giciro nyakuri cy’icyemezo kidashoboka gupimwa: si igipimo kibi, ahubwo ni ikibazo kidasubizwa mu gihe kibi gishoboka.
Icyo impamyabushobozi zacu bwite zitwara
Buri gikoresho cyo gupimisha dukoresha — ibipimo bya Mahr kuri resolution ya 0.5 µm, Mitutoyo gauges, WYLER electronic levels, Renishaw laser interferometers — bipimwa hakurikijwe ingengabihe binyuze mu bigo bya Jinan na Shandong metrology, aho uruhererekane rushobora gukurikiranwa hakurikijwe amahame y’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’metrology. Iyo dutanze icyemezo cyo gupima hamwe na plaque, kivuga igikoresho n'uburyo byakoreshejwe, agaciro kapimwe, imiterere y’ibidukikije mu gihe cyo gupima, hamwe n’icyerekezo cyo gupima igikoresho ubwacyo, ntabwo ari kashe ivuga gusa ko plaque yanyuzeho. Niba sisitemu y’ubuziranenge bw’umukiriya ikeneye inyandiko yuzuye yo gukurikirana aho kuba icyemezo cy’incamake, dushobora gutanga ibyo iyo tubisabye — ni amakuru amwe y’ibanze, agaragazwa ku rwego rw’ibisobanuro igenzura rikeneye koko.
Iyo udakeneye kujya kure cyane
Niba icyapa kiri gukoreshwa mu kazi ko gupima aho kugenzura ko nta kintu na kimwe kigomba gukorwa ari cyo cy'ingenzi - urugero, kureba ko ikintu gikozwe mu buryo buhamye aho gutanga uburyo bwo gupima bwemewe - icyemezo cy'ibanze cyo gutsinda/gutsindwa gifite itariki birashoboka ko gihagije, kandi gusaba umutanga serivisi ijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukurikirana ISO/IEC 17025 kuri iyo fomu ni impapuro zirenze ibyo akazi gakeneye. Inyandiko zo gukurikirana zihari kugira ngo zisubize ikibazo runaka - ese ushobora kwemeza uyu mubare, uwo ari we, kandi ni iyihe ngingo - kandi niba nta muntu wo muri urwo rwego uzigera abaza icyo kibazo, ibisobanuro by'inyongera bigutwara igihe nta kintu na kimwe uguze.
Aho bikenewe ni ahantu hose umukiriya wawe, umugenzuzi wawe bwite, cyangwa ikigo cyawe gishinzwe kwemeza amakuru kizagusaba kwerekana aho inomero yaturutse. Niba utazi neza niba ubusabe bwawe buri muri urwo rwego, akenshi icyo ni ikimenyetso cy'uko ari cyo.
Intambwe ikurikiraho
Niba urimo gushyiraho plaque nshya cyangwa igice cyayo kandi ukaba ukeneye kumenya neza icyo icyemezo cyawe cyo gupima kizaba kirimo mbere yo gutumiza, dusabe icyemezo cy'icyitegererezo cy'ingano n'urwego urimo gutekerezaho. Niba usanzwe ufite plaque iri mu kazi kandi ukaba utazi neza niba icyemezo cyayo gihari gishobora gukurikiranwa, yohereze — dushobora kukubwira ikibura n'uko bikwiye ko yongera kwemezwa ukoresheje uruhererekane rw'inyandiko.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 15 Nzeri 2026