Mu rwego rwo gukora neza no gukora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bugezweho, guhitamo inkingi z’ikirere gishyushye neza ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi kigena imikorere yacyo. Ishingiro ry’ubuziranenge bwa granite n’ishingiro rya ceramic bifite imiterere yabyo, bigaragaza ibyiza n’imiterere itandukanye mu kudahungabana, kubungabunga neza, kuramba n’ibindi.
Ituze: Imiterere karemano ugereranyije n'imiterere y'ubukorikori
Nyuma y’impinduka ndende mu bya geologiya, granite ihuzwa cyane na quartz, feldspar n’andi mabuye y’agaciro, ikora imiterere ikomeye kandi isa. Mu gihe hari ukwivanga kw’ingufu zo hanze, nko kwihuta gukomeye guterwa n’imikorere y’ibikoresho binini mu ruganda, ishingiro rya granite rishobora kuziba no kugabanya, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya uburebure bw’ingufu zo kwihuta kw’ikirere cy’umwuka uhindagurika ku kigero kirenga 80%, bigatanga ishingiro rihamye ry’imikorere y’uru rubuga kugira ngo rugende neza mu gutunganya cyangwa gutahura neza. Urugero, mu gikorwa cyo gukora lithography mu gukora lithography ya semiconductor chips, ishingiro rya granite rihamye rishobora kwemeza imikorere nyayo y’ibikoresho bya lithography bya chips no kugera ku miterere nyayo y’ibice bya chips.
Urufatiro rwa ceramic rukorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kandi imiterere yarwo y'imbere nayo irangana kandi ifite imiterere myiza yo kudahigima. Mu gihe ihuye n'ihindagurika rusange, ishobora gushyiraho ibidukikije bihamye byo gukoreramo kugira ngo urubuga rwo kuzenguruka rw'umwuka udahindagurika rube rufite umuvuduko uhamye. Ariko, iyo ihanganye n'imbaraga nyinshi kandi ihindagurika cyane, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudahigima buri hasi gato ugereranyije n'ubw'ishingiro rya granite, kandi biragoye kugabanya ihungabana ku rugero rumwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo buhanitse ku migendekere ya platform.
Kugumana ubuziranenge: kwaguka guke kw'inyungu karemano no kugenzura ubuziranenge mu buryo bw'ubukorano
Granite izwiho kuba ifite ubushyuhe buke cyane, akenshi ikaba iri kuri 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Mu gihe ubushyuhe buhindagurika, ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'ishingiro rya granite ihinduka gato cyane. Mu rwego rw'ubumenyi bw'ikirere, urwego rw'umwuka uhindagurika neza wo gupima neza lensi ya telesikope ruhuzwa n'urwego rw'ubushyuhe bw'ishingiro rya granite, nubwo itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'amanywa n'ijoro ryaba rinini, rishobora kwemeza ko ubuziranenge bw'aho lensi iherereye buguma ku rwego rwa submicron, bigafasha abahanga mu by'ikirere gufata imiterere yoroheje y'ibiri mu kirere biri kure.
Ibikoresho bya ceramic ni byiza cyane mu bijyanye no kudahindagurika kw'ubushyuhe, kandi igipimo cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe bwa ceramic zimwe na zimwe zikora neza gishobora kuba hasi cyane kugeza kuri zeru kandi gishobora kugenzurwa neza binyuze mu buryo bwo gukora no gutunganya. Mu bikoresho bimwe na bimwe bipima neza cyane bishobora kwitabwaho n'ubushyuhe, ishingiro rya ceramic rishobora kugumana ingano ihamye iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse, bigatuma urwego rw'umwuka uhindagurika neza rugenda neza. Ariko, kudahindagurika kwayo mu buryo burambye mu bikorwa bifatika bigira ingaruka ku bintu nko gusaza kw'ibikoresho kandi bigomba kurushaho kwemezwa.
Kuramba: Ubukana bwinshi bw'amabuye karemano n'ibikoresho bya sintetike birwanya ingese
Ubukana bwa granite buri hejuru, ubukana bwa Mohs bushobora kugera kuri 6-7, bushobora kwangirika neza. Muri laboratwari y’ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho, urubuga rukoreshwa cyane rwo kuzenguruka umwuka uhindagurika, ishingiro ryarwo rya granite rishobora kurwanya gucika intege igihe kirekire, ugereranije n’ishingiro risanzwe, rishobora kongera igihe cyo kubungabunga urubuga ku kigero kirenga 50%, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho, no kwemeza ko ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bukomeza. Ariko, ibikoresho bya granite biracika cyane, hari ibyago byo kwangirika iyo byagize ingaruka ku bw’impanuka.
Ishingiro rya ceramic si rikomeye gusa, ahubwo rinarwanya ingese neza. Mu nganda aho hari ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibinyabutabire, nko mu bikoresho bipima ibicuruzwa bya chemical, ishingiro rya ceramic rirwanya imyuka cyangwa ibinyabutabire, rigakomeza ubusugire bw'ubuso n'imiterere ya mekanike igihe kirekire. Mu bidukikije bikomeye nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, imikorere y'ishingiro rya ceramic ni myiza kuruta iy'ishingiro rya granite.
Ingorane z'ikiguzi cyo gukora no gutunganya: ikibazo cy'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye karemano n'urwego rwa tekiniki rwo gukora ibintu by'ubukorano
Ubucukuzi n'ubwikorezi bw'ibikoresho fatizo bya granite biragoye, kandi kubitunganya bisaba ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse cyane. Kubera ubukana bwabyo bwinshi, gucika intege, gukata, gusya, gusiga irangi n'ibindi bikorwa bishobora gusenyuka, kwangirika, no kugabanuka kw'ibisigazwa, bigatuma ibiciro byo kubitunganya bizamuka.
Gukora ibikoresho bya ceramic bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo guhuza no gutunganya neza ibikoresho, kuva ku gutegura ibikoresho fatizo, kubumba kugeza ku gusya, buri ntambwe igomba kugenzurwa neza. Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rya mbere hamwe n'ishoramari mu bikoresho ni rinini cyane, ni urwego rwo hejuru rwa tekiniki. Ariko, hamwe no kwaguka k'umusaruro, ikiguzi cyitezwe kizagabanuka, kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ikiguzi mu bikorwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Muri rusange, ishingiro ry’ubuziranenge bwa granite rikora neza mu buryo buhamye no mu buryo busanzwe, mu gihe ishingiro rya ceramic rifite ibyiza byihariye mu buryo budasanzwe bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe bukabije no kuramba kwangirika. Guhitamo ishingiro bigomba gushingira ku buryo bwihariye bwo kurikoresha, imiterere y’ibidukikije n’ingengo y’imari y’urwego rw’ubushyuhe bw’umwuka udahinduka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2025