Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Agace Gauge Gauge Ikwiye Kugira ngo Umenyekane Bwiza

Ibipimo by'ipima (bikunze kwitwa ibipimo bya Jo) ni byo bipimo ngenderwaho by'ibanze ku isi yose. Gupima mikorometero, gupima uburebure buri munsi, noimashini ipima ibintu hamweIgenzura ry’umurongo wa CMM (CMM) rigaragaza imiterere yaryo kugeza ku murundo w’udukingirizo tw’ibipimo byemejwe na interferometer za laser.

Guhitamo ibikoresho bitari byo cyangwa urwego rw'ubuziranenge bitera amakosa make mu bushyuhe, gucika intege, no kwangirika bitari ngombwa. Itsinda rya K rishinzwe gusuzuma ibidukikije rigenewe laboratwari rizangirika vuba iyo rishyizwe ku iduka rinini, mu gihe itsinda rya "constant steel" rikoreshwa mu gupima neza cyane ritera ubwiza budasanzwe.

Gusobanukirwa amanota y’ubunyangamugayo, fiziki y’ibikoresho, n’uburyo bwo gukurura ibintu bituma imiterere yawe ikomeza kuba myiza mu gukurikirana ibintu mu buryo butajegajega.

1. Guhitamo Impamyabushobozi Ikwiye (ISO 3650 / ASME B89.1.9)

Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ashyira ibice bine by'ibanze mu byiciro hashingiwe ku burebure n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubugari:

+-------------------+- ...

Icyiciro K (Igipimo cyo Gupima)

Ibice bya K bifite uburebure buto cyane n'ubushobozi bwo gupima ibintu mu buryo bungana, ariko ntibikoreshwa mu bipimo rusange bya buri munsi. Akazi kabyo ni ugupima ibice by'ubunini bw'imikorere (Icyiciro cya 0 cyangwa icya 1). Laboratwari zikoresha ibice bya K zikenera interferometers zo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ibyuma bipima imiterere kugira ngo bifate itandukaniro rya micro-inch.

Icyiciro cya 0 n'icya 1

Icyiciro cya 0 ni cyo gipimo ngenderwaho cy’imikorere mu byumba bigenzura ikirere kugira ngo hakosorwe mikorometero, impeta zo gushyiraho, n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga. Igice cya 1 cy’ibikoresho bigenzura neza ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho mu iduka aho ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe riguma mu rugero ruciriritse.

2. Guhitamo ibikoresho: Icyuma ugereranije na Karubide ugereranije na Ceramic

Guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye bisaba kuringaniza uburyo ubushyuhe bukwirakwira, ubushobozi bwo kudasaza, no kwirinda ingese.

+----------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+------------------------+ | Imiterere y'ibikoresho | Icyuma (Alloy) | Tungsten Carbide | Ceramic (Zirconia) | +- ... +- ...+

Icyuma

Icyuma gikomeje kuba amahitamo gakondo kandi ahendutse. Igipimo cyacyo cyo kwagura ubushyuhe gihuye neza n'ibice bisanzwe by'imashini zikoresha ibyuma, bigabanya amakosa yo kwagura mu gihe cyo kugenzura aho imashini ikorera. Ariko, icyuma gisaba amavuta ahoraho kugira ngo hirindwe ingese n'udusimba byoroshye iyo bihuye n'umucanga.

Tungsten Carbide

Karubide ifite ubushobozi bwo kudashira inshuro zigera ku icumi ugereranyije n'icyuma cy'ibikoresho. Ubucucike bwayo bwinshi n'ubudashyitse bituma iba nziza cyane ku bigenzurwa byinshi. Ariko, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwaguka mu bushyuhe buke (~ 4.5 × 10⁻⁶/C) isaba ibintu byo gukosora ubushyuhe witonze mu gupima ibice by'icyuma ku bushyuhe buri kure ya 20°C.

Ceramic ya Zirconia

Ceramic ya Zirconia yabaye ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane muri laboratwari zigezweho zifite ireme. Ceramic blocs ntizirinda ingese, ntizikoresha ingufu za rukuruzi, kandi ntizishobora kwangirika ku duce duto tw’amashanyarazi. Gutera ceramic block ntibizamura side burr; irashwanyagurika gusa nta kibazo ku miterere y’ubutaka ikikije. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo kwaguka kwayo mu bushyuhe (~ 9.8 × 10⁻⁶/C) gihuye neza n’icyuma, byoroshya imibare y’ubushyuhe.

3. Ihindagurika ry'Ubuso n'Ubwiza bw'Isura

Gupfunyika—uburyo bwo kunyeganyeza ibice bibiri bisukuye kandi birambuye hamwe munsi y’igitutu gito kugira ngo bifatanye nta bifunga byo hanze—bishingira ku gukorana kwa molekile nyinshi kandi bikurura molekile ku duce duto tw’amazi.

UKO BIKORA AGACIRO A (Hejuru) [===============================]=" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ <-- Agace gato k'amavuta (igipimo cya nanometero) Agace B (Hasi) [==================================]=" --> Gukurura molekile + igitutu cy'ikirere bifatanya neza.

Gutobora neza bisaba imiterere y’ubuso iboneye. Iyo urufatiro rw’agace k’igipimo cyangwa isura yo gupimisha ifite uduce tw’iminkanyari, ivumbi ryo mu kirere, cyangwa icyuma gipima amavuta, icyuho cyo kutobora cyaguka ho nanometero amagana menshi, bigatuma urwego rwa 0 rudakora neza.

Mu kigo cyacu cya Jinan, gukomeza gukoresha neza uburyo bwo gupima ibipimo by’imbere bishingiye ku guhuza ibice bya keramike n’iby’icyuma n’ibice by’ubuso bya granite y’umukara ya ZHHIMG® (≈ 3100 kg / m³). Kubera ko granite ifite ubucucike bwinshi itanga ishingiro ridafite imbaraga, ridafite ingufu za rukuruzi, rigizwe n’ibice bito mu ruganda rwacu rwa metero 10.000 z’ubushyuhe buhoraho, abatekinisiye bashobora gukurura no kugenzura ibice nta kubangamira guhindagurika kw’ubutaka bihindura uburebure bw’ibipimo.

4. Gukurikirana Gupima no Kugenzura Ibidukikije

Kugura ibiti byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntacyo bivuze niba ibidukikije byawe bidafite ibidukikije bihamye kandi bidafite uburyo bwo kubikurikirana.

1. Gushyiramo ubushyuhe: Mbere yo gupima cyangwa kuzunguza, reka uduce duto n'ibikoresho byinjire muri laboratwari igenzurwa n'ikirere (20 ℃) ​​byibuze amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 4. Gukoresha uduce duto mu ntoki zambaye ubusa bihita bitanga ubushyuhe bw'umubiri ako kanya, wongere uburebure bwa mm 100 na micron yuzuye mu masegonda make. Buri gihe koresha udupira dukingira cyangwa uturindantoki tw'ipamba.

2. Gukurikirana Laboratwari y'Igihugu: Kugenzura neza ko ibyemezo byo kugenzura bikomoka ku bigo byemewe bishobora gukurikiranwa mu bigo by'igihugu by'ibipimo (NIM, PTB, NPL, cyangwa NIST). Buri gipimo ngenderwaho cy'ibikoresho gikoreshwa muri ZHHIMG gifite igenzura ry'igenzura ritangwa n'ibigo byemewe by'ibipimo mu ntara no mu gihugu.

3. Uburyo bwo gusukura: Sukura uduce mbere na nyuma yo gukoresha ukoresheje alukolo ya optique anhydrous na lint-free wipes. Ibyuma bigomba gusigwa gake na peteroli idafite aside mbere yo kubibika.

Urutonde rw'ibikorwa by'abahanga mu by'ubuziranenge

Mu guhitamo ibyuma bipima ingano y'ibikoresho byawe:

• Huza ibikoresho bya bloki n'ibikoresho byawe byo gukoreramo: Hitamo ceramic yo kugenzura icyuma muri rusange no gukoresha mu cyumba cyo gusukura; hitamo karubide yo gukorera ahantu hakorerwa imirimo yo mu rugo hakoreshwa ibikoresho byinshi.

• Bika ibice bya K na Grade 0 mu byumba bigenzura ikirere neza (20°C ± 0.5°C).

• Ntuzigere ubika ibiti byashongeshejwe mu ijoro ryose. Gusudira mu buryo bukonje n'ubushuhe bwo mu kirere bizahuza amaso ku buryo buhoraho.

• Genzura neza ko plate yawe y'ubuso ingana (DIN 876 Grade 00) mbere yo gushyiraho stands zo kugereranya kugira ngo wirinde amakosa yo guhindagurika kw'ifatizo.

Mu guhuza amanota, ibikoresho, n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha n'ahantu runaka ho gupimira, laboratwari yawe igumana ishingiro rihoraho kuri buri gicuruzwa kiva mu ruganda rwawe.