Uburyo bwo kugenzura, gupima no kubungabunga plaque y'ubuso bwa granite

Isahani y'ubuso bwa granite ni ikimenyetso cy'uko ibindi byose biri muri laboratwari yawe cyangwa mu iduka bipimwa - bivuze ko ari nacyo kintu ushobora gukeka imiterere yacyo. Isahani zigenda buhoro buhoro kandi zitagaragara: kwangirika kw'aho zikorera, guhagarara kw'ifatizo, ubushyuhe, ndetse no kuruhuka buhoro buhoro kw'inkombe idashyigikiwe neza. Iyi nyandiko ikubiyemo inshuro zigomba gupimwa, uburyo abahanga bapima ubugari, uburyo bwo gusukura no kubungabunga ubuso buri munsi, hamwe n'amakosa asenya bucece. Igaragaza kandi icyo raporo ikwiye yo gupima igomba kuba irimo, bityo ushobora kumenya serivisi ishingiye ku bimenyetso uhereye ku ikarita ifata n'intoki.

1. Intera yo Gupima: Ugomba kugenzura kangahe?

Nta gihe kimwe gihuriweho na bose, ariko imyitozo yemerwa na benshi itanga aho ihera:

Gupima kuri gahundanaku bintu. Hagati yo gupima, isuzuma ryihuta ryo gusubiramo gusoma (reba hepfo) rishobora gukorwa buri kwezi mu minota mike - rihagije kugira ngo rifate ibibazo bikomeye mbere yuko byangiza ibipimo byawe. Niba isahani yawe igeze igihe cyo kuyikoresha kandi ukaba urimo gupima serivisi ugereranyije n’iyindi, serivisi zacu zigomba guhindurwa.isahani yo hejuru ya graniteitsinda rishobora gusuzuma amahitamo yombi uhereye ku makuru y’icyemezo cyawe kiriho ubu.

2. Uburyo Ubugari Bupimwa mu by'ukuri

Gupima by’umwuga ntibishingira ku igenzura rimwe gusa rya "ese risa neza". Bitewe n’ingano y’icyuma n’ibidasobanutse neza bikenewe, laboratwari zikoresha:

• Ingendo z'ikoranabuhanga ku kiraro cyo kugendamo— uburyo bwa kera. Urwego rw'ubuhanga runyura ku kiraro cyambukiranya isahani mu muyoboro wagenwe; imiterere y'ubuso bw'aho hantu ishyirwa mu ikarita y'ubugari. Yizewe ku masahani mato n'ayaciriritse.
• Gusuzuma interferometer ya laser— icyerekezo cy’ubuhanga bwo kugorora gikwirakwira hejuru y’ubutaka; kibereye amasahani manini aho ibiraro bya mekanike biba bigoye, kandi nta gushidikanya gukomeye.
• Autocollimator na wagon y'indorerwamo— Ibipimo by’inguni byakozwe ku mirongo yagenwe, bihujwe n’imiterere; uburyo gakondo bwo gupima no gusuzuma imirasire y’ikirere ku miyoboro miremire n’amasahani manini.
• Igipimo cyo gusubiramo gusoma (prism)— igenzura ryihuse kandi rito ry’ubushyuhe bw’aho hantu hakoreshejwe isomo risubirwamo kuri buri gace k’urusobe rw’amazi; ni byiza nk'ikimenyetso cy’ukwezi mu nzu, ntabwo ari ikintu gisimbura isuzuma.

Uko uburyo bwose bwakoreshwa, igipimo kigomba gufatwa ku bushyuhe buhamye (cyangwa 20 °C), isahani ishyigikiwe neza ku ngingo zayo, kandi ibisubizo bikagaragazwa nk'ikarita irambuye hejuru y'ubuso bw'aho ikorera - ntabwo ari umubare umwe. Mu kugereranya umutanga serivisi, baza ibikoresho akoresha n'uburyo akoresha.byagenzuwe kandi bigakurikiranwa; umutanga serivisi w’ingirakamaro azabavuga nta gushidikanya.

3. Isuku n'isukura bya buri munsi

Granite ntikoreshwa cyane, ariko "hasi" si "zero". Hari ingeso zimwe na zimwe zituma isahani ihora ari iy'ukuri mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo:

• Sukura buri gihe hamwe n'ibikoresho bikwiye.Isopropyl alcohol cyangwa umuti w'isabune woroshye ku gitambaro kidafite irangi nibyo byonyine bikenewe. Hanagura mu cyerekezo kimwe hanyuma urangije wumishe.
• Upfuke iyo udafite icyo ukora.Igipfukisho gifatanye gikingira ivumbi, igihu gikonjesha n'ibikoresho byangiritse ku buso. Imivundo myinshi miremire tubona isubira inyuma ku masahani adatwikiriye hafi y'ibikorwa byo gutunganya.
• Hindura ahantu hasanzwe.Niba ibipimo bihora biba mu mfuruka imwe, iyo mfuruka ni yo izamba mbere. Hindura nkana aho ukorera igihe bishoboka.
• Reba ibikoresho by'inkunga buri mwaka.Isahani igomba gushingira ku nkunga zayo z’ingingo eshatu (cyangwa izifite ingingo nyinshi) zakozwe, zikurikije amabwiriza y’uwakoze isahani - isahani izunguruka ku gitereko kizinze iba ipima urufatiro rwayo, ntabwo ari ibice byawe.
• Bika inyandiko z'ubushyuhe.Isahani iri mu cyumba gifite ubushyuhe bwa 20 ± 1 °C iramba buhoro cyane kurusha iyo iri ku iduka ifite ubushyuhe bwa 10 °C.

4. Amakosa akunze kwangiza amasahani

Izi ni zo ngorane duhura nazo kenshi iyo amakarita aje gupimwa — byose bishobora kwirindwa:

• Ibintu byo gusukura bitari byo.Ntukigere ukoresha imashini zisukura ibirahuri zishingiye kuri amoniya, imashini zikuraho aside cyangwa ifu isanzwe. Imiti ikoreshwa mu gukaraba n'imashini zigabanya ubushyuhe, bigatuma habaho uduce duto dufata umwanda kandi tugahindura ubuso. Niba ikintu cyamenetse (resin, wax), cyoroshye ukoresheje alcool hanyuma ugikure witonze ukoresheje icyuma gisya pulasitiki - ntukigere ukoresha icyuma cy'icyuma.
• Ibintu biremereye bimanuka hejuru y'ubutaka.Uduce duto duto munsi y'ikintu gitembera gikora nk'aho gitera imbaraga — ku isahani yawe. Kuraho ibice, cyangwa ukoreshe imigozi yoroshye yo hagati.
• Gupakira hejuru y'imodoka bidashyigikiwe.Kwicaye ku nkombe y'isahani, cyangwa gufata inkingi ndende ku mfuruka imwe, binamisha isahani ikarenga imiterere yayo kandi bishobora guhindura imiterere yayo burundu.
• Kwirengagiza uduce duto.Agace gato kari ku gice cyo gukoreraho gahindura ingero zisubira mu gace kako kandi gakunda gukura. Kagenzurwe kandi gasanwe hakiri kare.
• Gukosora aho bahagarara hatabayeho gukosora aho bahagarara.Niba ubugari bwahindutse, banza urebe uburyo bwo gushyigikira mbere yo gushinja ibuye.

5. Kongera gukoresha, Gusana cyangwa Gusimbuza?

Iyo gupima bigaragaza ko ibintu bidahuye n’ubushobozi bwo kubyihanganira, muri rusange ufite inzira eshatu:

1. Kongera guhuza— Ubuso busubizwa ku rwego rwa mbere. Birahendutse ku mabuye meza asaza ariko nta cyangiritse; ubunini bw'isahani n'ubwiza bw'ibikoresho ni byo bigena niba ibi bishoboka.
2. Gusana— ibibazo byo gufunga no gushyiramo ibice, kwangirika kw'inkombe n'ibibazo byo guhagarara bishobora gukemurwa mu gace runaka.
3. Gusimbuza— birumvikana iyo isahani yangiritse, yari ifite ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hasi kuva itangiye, cyangwa iyo ibyo ukeneye gukora neza byarenze urugero rw'umwimerere. Abakiriya benshi bakoresha iki gihe kugira ngo bongere cyangwa bongere ibintu (ibice bishyirwamo, imigozi, ubuso butanga umwuka) ku gishya.igice cya granite cyihariye.

Umucuruzi w’inararibonye ashobora kukubwira ahereye ku mafoto n’icyemezo cya nyuma inzira ikurikizwa - mbere yo gukoresha amafaranga kuri re-lap idashobora gukora cyangwa indi utari ukeneye.

6. Raporo yo Gusuzuma Irimo Uburyo Bukwiye

Twaba dupima plaque yawe cyangwa ukoresha laboratwari y’umuntu wa gatatu, raporo yizewe ikubiyemo: ikarita yapimwe ifite agaciro, kumenya igikoresho (urwego rwa elegitoroniki / interferometer / autocollimator), gukurikirana neza ibyo bikoresho, ubushyuhe bw’ikirere mu gihe cyo gupima, imiterere y’inkunga yakoreshejwe, no gutsinda/gutsindwa ugereranije n’ibipimo n’urwego byemewe. Niba raporo yawe idafite kimwe muri ibi, fata imiterere ya plaque nk’aho itagenzuwe — yacuinzira yo gupima no kugenzuraigaragaza uko inyandiko yuzuye isa, kandi ubushobozi bwacu bwiza bukubiye muriUbushobozi bwa ZHHIMG® bwo gukora granite neza.

Umwanzuro

Isahani y'ubuso bwa granite ihemba ubwitonzi burangwa n'ubushishozi n'uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bwizewe mu myaka myinshi: kuyipima ku gihe, kuyisukura ukoresheje ibikoresho bikwiye, kuyirinda, no gusoma icyemezo neza. Kandi iyo isahani irenze ubushobozi bwo kongera kuyikoresha - cyangwa intego zawe zo gukora ibintu neza zarakomeje - kuyisimbuza isahani yemewe neza igura make ugereranyije n'ibipimo byose bidashidikanywaho byakorewe ku isahani yashaje.

Ukeneye isuzuma ry’uburyo bwo gupima, kongera gushyiramo ibiciro cyangwa ikindi gikoresho cyo gusimbuza? Twoherereze ingano ya plaque yawe, icyemezo cy’ubu n’amafoto make — tuzakubwira mu by’ukuri niba ishobora kugaruzwa, hanyuma dutange ibiciro hakurikijwe ibyo.