Ni gute twakwizeza ko ari ukuri? Ingingo z'ingenzi zo gutegura mbere yo gupima ibice bya Granite

Mu buhanga bugezweho cyane, igice cya granite ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi cyane, gitanga ishingiro ry’uburyo ibikoresho bikora ku gipimo cya micro na nanometer bihagaze neza. Ariko, ndetse n’ibikoresho bihamye cyane—granite yacu y’umukara ya ZHHIMG® ifite ubucucike bwinshi—ishobora gutanga ubushobozi bwayo bwose gusa iyo uburyo bwo gupima ubwabwo buyobowe neza cyane.

Ni gute injeniyeri n'abahanga mu by'ikirere bagenzura ko ibisubizo byo gupima ari ukuri koko? Kugira ngo umuntu agere ku bisubizo nyabyo kandi bishobora gusubirwamo mu gihe cyo kugenzura no kugenzura bwa nyuma imashini za granite, ibyuma bipima, cyangwa imiterere ya CMM bisaba kwitabwaho cyane mbere yuko igikoresho gipima gikora ku buso. Iyi gahunda ikunze kuba ingenzi cyane nk'ibikoresho byo gupima ubwabyo, kugira ngo ibisubizo bigaragaze koko imiterere y'igice, atari ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije.

1. Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'ubushyuhe (Igihe cyo Kwiyuhagira)

Granite ifite Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (COE) iri hasi cyane, cyane cyane ugereranije n'ibyuma. Nyamara, ibikoresho byose, harimo na granite ifite ubucucike bwinshi, bigomba kuba bishyushye neza ku mwuka uri mu kirere ndetse n'igikoresho cyo gupimisha mbere yuko igenzura ritangira. Iki kizwi nka "soak-out period".

Igice kinini cya granite, cyane cyane ikivanywe mu ruganda kijya muri laboratwari yihariye yo gupima, kizaba gifite ubushyuhe butandukanye—itandukaniro mu bushyuhe hagati y’imbere, ubuso, n’ishingiro. Iyo igipimo gitangiye mbere y’igihe, granite izagenda yiyongera cyangwa igacika buhoro buhoro uko ingana, bigatuma ikomeza kuzenguruka mu mibare.

• Itegeko ry'Igikumwe: Ibice by'ubuziranenge bigomba kuba mu bipimo—ibyumba byacu by'isuku bigenzurwa n'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje—mu gihe kirekire, akenshi amasaha 24 kugeza kuri 72, bitewe n'uburemere n'ubunini bw'ibice. Intego ni ukugera ku buringanire bw'ubushyuhe, kwemeza ko igice cya granite, igikoresho gipimisha (nk'icyuma gipima laser interferometer cyangwa urwego rwa elegitoroniki), n'umwuka byose biri ku bushyuhe busanzwe bwemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga (ubusanzwe 20℃).

2. Guhitamo no gusukura ubuso: Gukuraho umwanzi w'ukuri

Umwanda, umukungugu n'imyanda ni byo birwanya cyane gupima neza. Ndetse n'agace gato k'umukungugu cyangwa agakoresho k'urutoki gasigaye bishobora gutuma uburebure buhagarara bwerekana ko hari ikosa rya mikorometero nyinshi, bigatera ingaruka mbi cyane ku gupima ubugari cyangwa ubw'ubugari.

Mbere yuko icyuma icyo ari cyo cyose gipima, agakoresho ko kugarura urumuri, cyangwa igikoresho cyo gupimisha gishyirwa hejuru y'ubutaka:

• Gusukura neza: Ubuso bw'igice, byaba ari urwego rw'icyitegererezo cyangwa icyuma gishyiraho umurongo, kigomba gusukurwa neza hakoreshejwe agapira gakwiye kandi kadafite irangi hamwe n'icyuma gisukura gifite isuku nyinshi (akenshi na kenshi inzoga zo mu nganda cyangwa isuku ya granite yihariye).
• Hanagura Ibikoresho: Icy'ingenzi ni ugusukura ibikoresho byo gupimisha ubwabyo. Utuzu dutanga urumuri, ibikoresho byo gupima, n'amanota y'icyuma bigomba kuba bidafite inenge kugira ngo bigire aho bihurira neza kandi inzira nyayo y'urumuri igaragare.

3. Gusobanukirwa inkunga no kugabanya stress

Uburyo igice cya granite gishyigikirwa mu gihe cyo gupima ni ingenzi cyane. Inyubako nini kandi ziremereye za granite zagenewe kubungabunga imiterere yazo iyo zishyigikiwe ku ngingo runaka, zibazwe mu mibare (akenshi zishingiye ku ngingo za Airy cyangwa Bessel kugira ngo zibe nziza cyane).

• Gushyiraho neza: Igenzura rigomba gukorwa igice cya granite gihagaze ku nkunga zagenwe n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubuhanga. Ingingo z'inkunga zitari zo zishobora gutera stress imbere no guhindagurika kw'imiterere, zigahindura ubuso kandi zigatanga isura idahwitse "idashobora kwihanganira", nubwo igice cyaba cyakozwe neza.
• Gutandukanya imitingito: Ahantu ho gupimira hagomba kwitandukanya. Ifatizo rya ZHHIMG, rifite ubugari bwa metero imwe kandi rirwanya imitingito n'umuyoboro wa mm 2000 z'ubujyakuzimu, rigabanya ingaruka mbi zo hanze z'imitingito n'imashini, rigatuma igipimo gifatwa ku kintu kidahinduka.

4. Guhitamo: Guhitamo Igikoresho Gikwiye cyo Gupima

Hanyuma, igikoresho gipimisha gikwiye kigomba gutoranywa hashingiwe ku rugero rukenewe rw'ubuziranenge n'imiterere y'igice. Nta gikoresho na kimwe gikwiriye kuri buri gikorwa.

• Ubugari: Kugira ngo ubugari bube bwiza kandi bufite ishusho ya geometrike, Laser Interferometer cyangwa Autocollimator ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru (ikunze kujyana n'urwego rwa elegitoroniki) itanga ubushobozi bwo kureba neza no gukora neza mu ntera ndende.
• Ubuziranenge bw'aho hantu: Kugira ngo harebwe uko ibintu byangiritse cyangwa uko byasubirwamo (Repeat Reading Accuracy), ikoranabuhanga rigezweho cyangwa LVDT/Capacitance Probes zifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kugeza kuri 0.1 μm ni ngombwa.

Mu gukurikiza neza izi ntambwe zo kwitegura—gucunga ubushyuhe buhamye, kubungabunga isuku, no kwemeza ko inyubako zishyigikiwe neza—itsinda ry’abahanga rya ZHHIMG riremeza ko ibipimo bya nyuma by’ibice byacu bigezweho ari ikimenyetso nyacyo kandi cyizewe cy’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa byacu n’abahanga bacu b’abahanga.