DIN, JIS, GB, ASME: Ubuyobozi Bufatika ku Bipimo ngenderwaho by'Isahani y'Ubuso bwa Granite

Abaguzi bagereranya amasahani y’ubuso bwa granite aturutse ku bacuruzi batandukanye bakunze guhura n’ikibazo cy’urujijo: amasahani abiri ashobora kuvuga ko ari "ay’icyiciro cya 0″ cyangwa "ay’icyiciro cya AA" ariko ntagire icyo avuga kimwe, kuko yerekeza ku mahame y’igihugu atandukanye hamwe n’uburyo butandukanye bwo kwihanganira. Iyi nyandiko igaragaza icyo amahame y’ingenzi avuga n’impamvu itandukaniro riri ingenzi iyo ushaka ibikoresho.

Impamvu nta gipimo kimwe cy’isi gihari

Amasahani yo hejuru ya granite apimwa ku buryo bworoshye bungana n’ingano y’isahani - isahani ya 1600mm n’isahani ya 300mm birumvikana ko bidashobora kwihanganira ubwo bushobozi bumwe. Ibihugu bitandukanye byashyizeho uburyo bwabyo bwo gupima ubu buryo, muri rusange mu gihe kimwe cyo gushyiraho amabwiriza y’inganda:

• Ubudage — DIN 876 ishobora kuba ari yo ikoreshwa cyane ku rwego mpuzamahanga, igaragaza amanota yo gukora neza 00, 0, 1, na 2, aho amanota 00 ari yo akomeye cyane. Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya granite ifitanye isano na DIN 875 na DIN 650.
• Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika — Federal Standard GGG-P-463c na ASME B89.3.7 igezweho isobanura amanota AA, A, na B ku byapa by’ubuso, mu mateka ni byo laboratwari nyinshi zo muri Amerika zipima ibipimo n’amaduka y’imashini apima.
• Ubuyapani — JIS B 7513 ishyiraho uburyo bwayo bwo gutanga amanota, bukunze kwitabwaho n'ibikoresho byubatswe cyangwa byoherejwe mu mahanga ku nganda z'Abayapani, cyane cyane mu ruhererekane rw'ibikoresho bya semiconductor.
• Ubushinwa — Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya GB/T, byagiye bihurirana n’amahame mpuzamahanga mu myaka ya vuba aha kuko ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byakozwe mu Bushinwa birushaho gufasha amasoko yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
• Ubwongereza — BS 817, Uburusiya — GOST 10905, n'Ubufaransa — Amabwiriza ya NF arangiza urutonde rw'amabwiriza akomeje gukoreshwa bitewe n'igihugu ibikoresho bikomokamo cyangwa aho bijya.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri gitandukanye hagati yabo?

Kutumvikana hagati y’ibipimo ntabwo ari filozofiya - ni formula y’imibare buri imwe ikoresha kugira ngo ibare ihinduka ntarengwa ryemewe rishingiye ku burebure bw’ikirahure cyacyo. Ikirahure cya DIN 876 cya Grade 0 n’icya JIS cya Grade 1 bifite ingano zimwe bishobora kurangira bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu hafi ariko bidasa. Ku bikorwa byinshi by’inganda, itandukaniro ntabwo rigaragara. Ku ma laboratwari y’ibipimo akora isuzuma ry’ibipimo, cyangwa ku bikoresho byagenewe umukiriya ukeneye icyemezo cya DIN cyangwa JIS, si byo.

Iyi niyo mpamvu, iyo ushaka isokoibice bya graniteKu bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ni ngombwa kubaza umutanga serivisi icyemezo cyo gupima gishingiye ku gipimo runaka cyerekana mu by'ukuri — ntabwo ari inomero y'ibanga gusa igaragara ku mpapuro. Ikirego cy' "Ibanga 0" kidafite ihame ry'izina ntigishobora kwemezwa.

Gukurikirana: igice cyoroshye gusimbuka

Icyemezo cyo gupima gikwiye kwizerwa nk'umunyururu uri inyuma yacyo. Igikoresho cyakoreshejwe mu gupima icyapa - urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga, autocollimator, interferometer ya laser - cyagombaga kuba cyarapimwe n'ikigo cyemewe cy'ibipimo, kandi icyo gipimo kigomba gukurikirwa n'ibipimo by'ibanze by'igihugu. Mu by'ukuri, ibi bivuze gusaba:

1. Icyemezo cyo gupima icyuma cyangwa igice runaka, kivuga ku gipimo ngenderwaho (DIN/JIS/GB/ASME/n'ibindi) cyakoreshejwe.
2. Icyemezo cyo gupima igikoresho cyakoreshejwe, gitangwa n'ikigo cyemewe cy'ubumenyi bw'ikirere.
3. Itangazo risobanutse neza ry'ibipimo bidasobanutse neza, atari amanota yo gutsinda cyangwa gutsindwa gusa.

Igishimishije ni uko "ibirego byemewe byo mu rwego rwa 0" rimwe na rimwe biba byatanzwe n'uruganda nta cyemezo cy'undi muntu na kimwe - mu by'ukuri ntabwo ari uburiganya, ariko nanone nta n'icyo bivuze ku giti cye.

Inyandiko ifatika ku matsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko

Niba ibikoresho byawe bigenewe amasoko menshi yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, akenshi biba byiza gusaba gupima ibintu bibiri — urugero, imibare ya DIN 876 na JIS B 7513 — aho gutekereza ko ibipimo bimwe bihindura ibindi neza. Bitwara igihe kinini cyo gupima ibintu, ariko bikuraho urujijo ku mukiriya wa nyuma, cyane cyane mu nganda nka semiconductor n'inganda z'imodoka aho ishami ry'ubuziranenge ry'umuguzi wa nyuma rizasaba inyandiko zisanzwe.