Mu rwego rwo gupima neza, granite igororotse, nkigikoresho cyingenzi kugirango hamenyekane neza ibikoresho nugupima, igipimo cyacyo kiringaniye kigira ingaruka zukuri kubisubizo byibipimo. Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuziranenge n’ikoranabuhanga (NIST) cyemeza Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ni igipimo cyemewe ku isi hose ku bikoresho byemewe byo gupima neza, kandi uburinganire bwa AA ni kimwe mu byiciro bifite ibyangombwa bisabwa cyane. Nka kirango kiza imbere mu nganda, ZHHIMG, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere hamwe nubukorikori bukomeye, ifasha abayikoresha kugera ku cyemezo cya NIST hamwe nintego ya AA yo kurwego rwa tekinike ya granite. Ibikurikira bizaguha isesengura rirambuye rya kalibrasi y'ingenzi n'inzira zo gushyira mu bikorwa.
1. Sobanukirwa nicyemezo cya NIST hamwe na AA urwego rusanzwe
Icyemezo cya NIST kizwiho uburyo bukomeye bwo gupima no gusuzuma, intego nyamukuru yacyo ni ukureba niba ibikoresho byo gupima byujuje ubuziranenge ku isi. Mu murima wa granite igororotse, icyiciro cya AA gisabwa kirakomeye cyane. Mubisanzwe, hateganijwe ko ikosa ryuburinganire muri buri metero z'uburebure rigomba kugenzurwa muri ± 0.5μm. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bishyira hejuru cyane ibisabwa kubintu bifatika, tekinoroji yo gutunganya hamwe na tekinoroji ya tekinoroji. AA urwego rwa granite igororotse yemejwe na NIST ntabwo ari garanti yizewe yo gupimwa neza, ahubwo ni gihamya ikomeye yerekana imbaraga za tekiniki yikigo hamwe nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.
Ii. Fondasiyo yubuziranenge ya ZHHIMG granite igororotse
ZHHIMG granite igororotse yashyizeho urufatiro ruhanitse kuva murwego rwo gutoranya ibikoresho. Byahiswemo ubuziranenge bwa granite karemano, hamwe nimbaraga yimbere yimbere hamwe nuburyo bumwe, ifite coeffisiyoneri yo kwagura ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 5-7 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, kandi ifite umutekano muke hamwe nubushobozi bwo kurwanya ihindagurika, itanga inyungu yihariye yo kugera kuburinganire bwa AA. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, ZHHIMG ikoresha tekinoroji igezweho nka CNC yo gusya no gusya, ihujwe nibikoresho byo gutahura neza cyane nka laser interferometero kugirango ibone igihe nyacyo, kugirango harebwe niba ubuso bwumurongo bugera kubintu byukuri byambere mugihe cyo gutunganya, bigatanga ibihe byiza kumirimo ikurikira.
Iii. Imyiteguro Mbere ya Calibibasi
Mbere yo gukora kalibrasi ya NIST, birakenewe kwemeza ko kugorora kumera neza. Mbere ya byose, ubuso bugororotse bugomba gusukurwa cyane. Koresha umwenda utagira linti hamwe nisuku idasanzwe kugirango ukureho amavuta, umukungugu nibindi byanduye hejuru kugirango wirinde umwanda ugira ingaruka kuri kalibrasi. Icya kabiri, shyira ubugororangingo mubidukikije bifite ubushyuhe nubushuhe buhoraho mumasaha arenga 24 kugirango ubashe guhuza neza nubushyuhe bwibidukikije nubushuhe bw’ibidukikije, ukuraho ihindagurika rito rishobora guterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bya kalibrasi bihanitse cyane nka laser interferometero hamwe nurwego rwa elegitoronike bigomba gutegurwa. Ukuri kwibi bikoresho bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ibisubizo bya kalibrasi.
Iv. Calibration Inzira hamwe na tekinoroji yingenzi
Calibibasi ikabije: Koresha urwego rwa elegitoronike kugirango ukore igipimo cyambere cyo kugorora. Kusanya ingingo yo gupimisha intera runaka (nka 100mm) kugirango ubone amakuru agezweho ya kontour yubuso bugororotse. Ukurikije ibisubizo byo gupimwa, ubuso bwurugero rwagizwe hafi hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo gusya bya CNC kugirango bikureho ingingo ndende zigaragara, bituma uburinganire bwambere bwegera AA urwego rusanzwe rusabwa.
Calibibasi ya precision: Ibipimo-bisobanutse neza bikorwa hakoreshejwe laser interferometero, ishobora kumenya neza impinduka zuburebure hejuru yubuso bugororotse kurwego rwa micrometero. Ukurikije amakuru yagaburiwe na interferometero, ubuso bwagororotse bwari hasi neza muguhuza intoki nintoki za CNC. Mugihe cyo gusya, igitutu cyo gusya hamwe nicyerekezo bigomba guhora bihindurwa kugirango bikureho buhoro buhoro ikosa ryuburinganire, kugirango uburinganire bwubuso bugororotse bushobora kugera kurwego rwo hejuru.
Kugenzura inshuro nyinshi no gutunganya neza: Nyuma yo kurangiza kalibrasi nziza, koresha laser interferometero hamwe nurwego rwa elegitoronike kugirango ukore igenzura ryuzuye ryongeye kugororoka kugirango urebe neza ko ikosa rya tekinike kuri buri ngingo yo gupimisha riri murwego rwa AA. Niba amakosa mato abonetse mukarere kamwe, intego-yo guhuza neza igomba gukorwa kugeza igihe uburinganire rusange bwu murongo bwujuje byuzuye AA-urwego rusabwa rwa NIST.
V. Gusaba ibyemezo bya NIST no Gusubiramo
Nyuma yo kurangiza kalibrasi no kwemeza ko kugorora byageze kurwego rwa AA urwego, urashobora gutanga ibyangombwa bisabwa kuri NIST. Mugihe cyo gusaba, ibisobanuro birambuye bya tekinike yuburyo bugororotse, gutunganya tekinoroji yubuhanga, inyandiko za kalibrasi nibindi bikoresho bigomba gutangwa. NIST izohereza abasesenguzi babigize umwuga kugirango bakore ubugenzuzi no gusuzuma ibibanza. Isubiramo rizakubiyemo ibintu byinshi nkuburinganire, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, hamwe no kwambara birwanya kugororoka. Gusa granite igororotse yatsinze isuzuma rikomeye irashobora kubona icyemezo cya NIST kandi igahinduka ibicuruzwa mubipimo byo gupima neza.
Mugukurikiza amabwiriza yavuzwe haruguru ZHHIMG granite igororotse ya kalibrasi, ibigo nibigo byubushakashatsi birashobora kugera ku cyemezo cya NIST hamwe nintego zo kurwego rwa AA neza. Haba mu nganda zifite ibyangombwa bisabwa cyane nko gukora imashini, icyogajuru, cyangwa ibyuma bya elegitoronike, umugozi wa ZHHIMG granite wemejwe na NIST uzaba umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu gupima neza ibipimo by’ibicuruzwa ndetse n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, ufasha inganda guhora zinyura mu rwego rwo gupima neza kandi zigana ahazaza h’ukuri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-13-2025