Kuki ishingiro rya Granite ridafite imyuka myinshi ari ingenzi ku gisekuru gikurikira cyo gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor bishingiye kuri vacuum?

Mu gukurikirana Itegeko rya Moore, inganda za semiconductor zinjiye mu rwego aho ubuziranenge bw'urwego rwa atome ari bwo busanzwe, ntabwo ari ikintu kidasanzwe. Uko tugenda turushaho kugenda dufata uduce duto tw'imikorere, ibidukikije aho ibyuma bya silikoni bitunganyirizwa byarushijeho kwanga cyane ibikoresho gakondo by'ubuhanga. By'umwihariko, mu byumba bifite icyuho kinini bikoreshwa mu gushyiramo no gushushanya ibintu bigezweho, guhitamo urufatiro rw'imashini ntibikiri ikibazo cy'uburemere n'ubudahangarwa gusa. Muri iki gihe, ibigo bikomeye ku isi birimo kwibaza ikibazo cy'ingenzi: ni gute ibikoresho by'imbere mu nyubako zacu bigira ingaruka ku busugire bw'icyuho ubwacyo? Aha niho ubusugire bwa tekiniki bwasemiconductor y'ibanze ya granite idafite gazi nyinshiikoreshwa riba ikintu kigena inganda.

Indwara yo gusohora imyuka—kurekura imyuka iva mu kintu gikomeye—ishobora guteza akaga gakomeye mu kirere gifunze. Ndetse n'uduce duto cyane cyangwa molekile za gaze bishobora kwanduza wafer, bigatera igihombo gikomeye mu musaruro. Ibikoresho gakondo cyangwa ibyuma byavuwe akenshi bigorana kuzuza ibisabwa bikomeye byo guhuza imyuka myinshi. Granite y'umukara karemano, iyo itunganyijwe neza kandi igasukurwa n'abahanga, itanga ishusho idakora neza. Kuri ZHHIMG Group, kwemeza ko ibice byacu bya granite byujuje ibi bipimo byo gusohora imyuka mike bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo guhitamo aho hatoranywa gusa ibuye ry'ubucucike bwinshi kandi rito cyane kugira ngo rikoreshwe muri semiconductor. Ibi byemeza ko igihe cyo kugarura imyuka kigabanuka kandi ubuziranenge bw'ahantu ho gutunganya bugakomeza.

Uretse ubuziranenge bw'ingufu, uruhare rw'ishingiro ry'imiterere mu gikorwa cyo gufotora ni ingenzi cyane. Uko amasoko y'urumuri ahinduka akajya kuri Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV), sisitemu zitwara wafer na reticle zigomba kugenda ku rwego rwo guhuza ibintu binyuranyije n'imipaka gakondo ya mekanike.icyiciro cya granite cyo gukoresha imashini ifotoraitanga urwego runini kandi rudahumeka rukenewe kugira ngo habeho ubu buryo buboneye. Uburemere bw'ibuye rya granite bukora nk'akayunguruzo gatuma hasi hadahinduka, kakakira imitingito yo hasi ishobora kwiyongera bitewe n'inkingi z'urumuri zoroshye. Hatabayeho urufatiro ruremereye kandi ruhamye, kugera ku buziranenge bwa sub-nanometer busabwa kuri microchips zigezweho ntibyaba bishoboka ku mubiri.

Imicungire y'ubushyuhe iracyari indi mbogamizi ikomeye mu gukora semiconductor. Mu masaha y'akazi gahoraho, ubushyuhe buturuka kuri moteri zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi bushobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwiyongera mu mashini. Nubwo ibyuma byaguka kandi bigatandukana cyane bitewe n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe, granite ifite coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe iri hasi cyane. Uku guhagarara kw'ibipimo byemeza koicyiciro cya granite cyo gukoresha imashini ifotoraIkomeza kuba nziza mu miterere ya geometrique ndetse no mu gihe cy’ibikorwa byinshi. Uku kwizerwa gutuma habaho igihe kirekire hagati yo gupima, bigatuma habaho igihe kinini cyo gukora no kongera inyungu ku bakora mu turere nka Silicon Valley n’ibigo by’i Burayi bya semiconductor i Dresden na Eindhoven.

ZHHIMG yabonye ko guhuza ibi bice bisaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse amabwiriza y’icyumba cyo gusukura. Ntabwo bihagije gutanga ibuye ryiza cyane; rigomba kuba "riteguye icyumba cyo gusukura." Ibi bivuze ko granite igomba guterwa umuti kugira ngo hirindwe ko uduce duto twangirika kandi igomba kuba ijyanye n'ibikoresho byo gusukura bikomeye bikoreshwa mu nganda za semiconductor. Mu kwibanda ku kintusemiconductor y'ibanze ya granite idafite gazi nyinshiigisubizo, ZHHIMG itanga umusaruro utari urwego rw’inkunga gusa, ahubwo ni igice cyuzuye cy’ingamba zo kurwanya ihumana. Ubu buryo buhuriweho mu by’ubuhanga ni bwo butandukanya umucuruzi usanzwe w’inganda n’umufatanyabikorwa wihariye w’ibikoresho bya semiconductor.

Byongeye kandi, uburyo bugezweho bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya lithography bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse bw'imbere muri granite ubwayo. Kuva ku miyoboro igoye yo gucunga insinga kugeza ku buso buhuriweho bw'umwuka, gukoraicyiciro cya granite cyo gukoresha imashini ifotoraIrimo amasaha amagana yo gukora imashini ya CNC ikoresheje ubuhanga buhanitse, hanyuma hagakurikiraho gukoresha intoki neza. Muri ZHHIMG, tugera ku buryo bworoshye bwo gupima no kwihanganira ubugari bw'ubugari, ibyo byahoze bifatwa nk'ibidashoboka ku mabuye karemano. Uku guhuza ibikoresho bya kera n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ejo hazaza ni ryo shingiro ry'isi y'ikoranabuhanga, rishyigikira ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma bitunganya, na ibyuma bicukura ububiko bw'ibikoresho bikomeza ubukungu bwacu bw'isi.

Mu gusoza, mu gihe inganda za semiconductor zikomeje urugendo rwazo rudacogora rugana mu gihe cya sub-1nm, akamaro k'urufatiro rw'ibikoresho ntikagombye kurengerwa. Imashini ibasha gusa nk'uko ishingiye. Mu gushyira imberesemiconductor y'ibanze ya granite idafite gazi nyinshigushingira no gushora imari mu bwiza bwo hejuruicyiciro cya granite cyo gukoresha imashini ifotoraIbikoresho, abakora ibikoresho barimo kurinda umutekano n'ubuziranenge bikenewe mu myaka icumi iri imbere y'udushya. Itsinda rya ZHHIMG rikomeje kwiyemeza kuzamura imbibi z'ubumenyi bw'ibintu, rikareba ko inkingi ikomeye y'inganda za semiconductor izakomeza gukomera kandi ihamye nk'uko ikoranabuhanga ribishyigikira.