Kuki Stage ya Granite ifite ubuhanga bwo gufotora ari ingenzi kuri Microchips zo mu gisekuru gitaha?

Muri iki gihe cy’ubu bwo gukora ibikoresho bipima ibice binini bya semiconductor, aho imiterere yabyo ipimwa muri nanometero, imiterere y’ibikoresho byo mu nganda ni ingenzi cyane nk’uko isoko y’urumuri ubwayo irushaho kwiyongera. Uko icyifuzo cy’isi yose cy’udupira duto kandi dukoresha ingufu nyinshi kigenda cyiyongera, abahanga barimo gusuzuma ishingiro ry’umutungo wabo wo mu cyumba cyo gusukura. Ibiganiro akenshi bibanda ku gikoresho kimwe kidahinduka: granite y’umukara karemano. Ariko se ni iki gitumaicyiciro cya granite cyo gufotoraamahitamo meza kuruta aloyi zigezweho cyangwa imvange zikoze mu buryo bwa sintetike mu gushaka ubunyangamugayo bwa sub-micron?

Ikibazo cy’ingenzi muri lithography ni ugukomeza gukoresha neza imiterere y’aho ibintu biherereye mu gihe cyo gupima no gushyira ahagaragara vuba vuba. Uku guhindagurika kwa microscopic cyangwa ubwinshi bw’ubushyuhe bishobora gutera amakosa yo gutwikira, bigatera kwangiza silicon wafer no guhomba cyane. Imiterere ya granite yo gucukuka cyane n’ubwinshi bwayo budasanzwe bwo gucukura imivuduko itanga ibidukikije bitagira umutuzo kandi bidakora neza. Bitandukanye n’ibyuma, bigira ingaruka ku ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe ariko cyane, ubwinshi buke bw’ubushyuhe bwa granite butuma urwego ruguma ruhamye mu buryo busanzwe mu gihe cyose cyo gukora. Uku guhagarara ni inkingi nyayo y’inganda zose za semiconductor zubakiyeho.

Kuva ku gipimo cya nanometero kugera ku isi y’umusaruro munini w’amakuru acapwa, ibisabwa kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rikomeze gukomera biracyari bito.ishingiro rya granite ry'imashini icukura PCBIgomba kwihanganira imbaraga zihoraho, zikoreshwa cyane mu gupima no kwihuta cyane. Gucukura PCB bigezweho bisaba ko imigozi izunguruka ku gipimo cy’amajwi ibihumbi amagana, ikagenda ku muvuduko utangaje mu ndege ya XY. Hatabayeho urufatiro runini kandi rukomeye rwo gukurura izi mbaraga za kinetic, uburyo bwo gucukura bushobora kunyerera, bigatuma imiyoboro y’amazi igoramye kandi amashanyarazi akagwa mu gicuruzwa cya nyuma. Bakoresheje ishingiro rya granite ryiza cyane, abakora bashobora kugera ku musaruro mwinshi badasize inyuma igihe kirekire cy’imashini.

Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki akenshi bigena umupaka uri hagati y'igice gisanzwe n'igisubizo cy'imikorere yo hejuru. Kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi cyane bisabwa n'abagenzuzi b'ubuziranenge b'i Burayi n'Amerika ni umucyo w'ubuso.ishingiro rya granite rifite ubuso bugoye Ra < 0.8μmsi ugukora neza gusa; ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho kugenzura neza ingendo. Ubuso nk'ubwo bworoshye butuma habaho guhuza neza uburyo bwo gutwara umwuka, buri ahantu hose mu byiciro byo hejuru. Iyo icyuma cy'umwuka kiri hagati y'urubyiniro n'ishingiro gifite ubugari bwa mikoroni nke gusa, ndetse no kugaragara gato ku buso bwa granite bishobora guteza "impanuka" ikomeye, bigatera igihe gihenze cyo kudakora neza no kwangirika burundu kw'ibikoresho.

Itsinda rya ZHHIMG rimaze imyaka myinshi ritunganya uburyo bwo gusimbuza intoki bukenewe kugira ngo rigere kuri ubu buryo bwo kwihanganira ibintu mu buryo bwizewe. Nubwo gusya kwa CNC bigezweho bitanga imiterere y’ibanze, kurangiza kwa nyuma kwa "Ra < 0.8μm" akenshi biterwa n'ubuhanga bw'abantu no kugenzura ibidukikije mu buryo bukomeye. Ibikoresho byacu bikomeza kugira ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe buhoraho kugira ngo ibuye ripimwe kandi rirangire mu buryo buhamye. Uku kwitangira ubukorikori ni yo mpamvu ZHHIMG yabaye umufatanyabikorwa ukunzwe n'ibigo mpuzamahanga bitoroshye kwemera ko ibikoresho byabo ari ukuri.

Mu kureba ahazaza, uruhare rwa granite mu nganda z'ikoranabuhanga rugiye kwaguka. Uko tugenda tugera ku nsinga za 2nm na 1nm, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubugari n'ubugari buzarushaho kwiyongera. Inganda ntizigishakisha gusa umucuruzi w'ibikoresho; zirimo gushaka umufatanyabikorwa usobanukiwe isano iri hagati y'ubumenyi bw'ibikoresho n'umusaruro w'imashini. Binyuze mu guhuza imashini zigezweho, imiyoboro igoye yo gukwirakwiza insinga, n'ikoranabuhanga rya kabiri ryo gusiga, ZHHIMG irimo guhindura icyuma giciriritse cya granite mo urubuga rworoshye rw'ubuhanga.

Mu gusoza, niba ari ubushishozi bwihuse bw'umuriro bukenewe kuriishingiro rya granite ry'imashini icukura PCBcyangwa ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza mu rwego rwa atome bukenewe kugira ngo habeho urwego rwa granite mu gufotora, guhitamo ibikoresho birasobanutse neza. Imiterere karemano ya granite, iyo yongerewe imbaraga n'ubuhanga buhanitse hamwe n'ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bwa Ra < 0.8μm, bitanga inzira yonyine ishoboka yo gukora ibintu bigoye cyane ku isi. Uko ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, ZHHIMG ikomeje kwiyemeza kugabanya imipaka y'ibishoboka, igenzura ko ishingiro ry'isi y'ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gukomera nk'urutare.