Ni izihe ngaruka zihariye z’ibibi bya granite ku bijyanye no gutunganya neza ibikoresho byo kugenzura imibare bya CNC?

Mu bikoresho byo kugenzura imibare bya CNC, nubwo imiterere ifatika ya granite itanga ishingiro ryo gutunganya neza cyane, imbogamizi zayo zishobora kugira ingaruka nyinshi ku buryo butagoramye bwo gutunganya, zigaragara cyane muri ubu buryo bukurikira:
1. Ubusembwa bw'ubuso mu gutunganya ibintu buterwa no kugorama kw'ibikoresho
Imiterere y’ibuye rya granite (ingufu nyinshi zo gukanda ariko imbaraga nke zo gukanda, ubusanzwe imbaraga zo gukanda ni 1/10 kugeza 1/20 gusa by’imbaraga zo gukanda) ituma rihura n’ibibazo nko gucikagurika kw’inkombe no kwangirika k’ubuso mu gihe cyo gutunganya.

Ubusembwa bwa mikorosikopi bugira ingaruka ku ihererekanya ry’ibipimo: Mu gihe cyo gusya cyangwa gusya neza cyane, utunyangingo duto ku gice cyo guhuriraho n’ibikoresho dushobora gukora ubuso butari bwiza, bigatuma amakosa yo kugororoka kw’ibice by’ingenzi nk’imirongo y’ubuyobozi n’ameza yo gukoreraho arushaho kwaguka (urugero, ubugari buragabanuka kuva kuri ± 1μm/m kugeza kuri ± 3~ 5μm/m). Ubu busembwa bwa mikorosikopi buzoherezwa mu bice byatunganyijwe, cyane cyane mu bihe byo gutunganya nk’ibice by’ikoranabuhanga rya optique na semiconductor wafer carriers, bishobora gutuma ubuso bw’ibikoresho byiyongera (agaciro ka Ra kava kuri 0.1μm kakagera kuri 0.5μm), bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ibikoresho cyangwa imikorere y’ibikoresho.
Ingaruka zo kuvunika mu buryo butunguranye mu gutunganya ibintu bihindagurika: Mu bihe byo gukata cyane (nk'umuvuduko wa spindle > 15,000 r/min) cyangwa umuvuduko wo kugaburira > 20m/min, ibice bya granite bishobora gucikamo ibice bitewe n'imbaraga z'impanuka ako kanya. Urugero, iyo umurongo w'inzira uyobora uhinduye icyerekezo vuba, gucika kw'inkombe bishobora gutuma inzira y'urugendo itandukira inzira y'inyigisho, bigatuma uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu bugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye (ikosa ryo gushyiramo ibintu riva kuri ± 2μm rikagera kuri ± 10μm), ndetse bigatera impanuka no gusibangatanya ibikoresho.
Icya kabiri, gutakaza ubuziranenge buhamye biterwa no kunyuranya hagati y'uburemere n'ubudahangarwa
Imiterere y'ubucucike bwinshi bwa granite (ifite ubucucike buri hagati ya 2.6 na 3.0g / cm³) ishobora kugabanya guhindagura, ariko inazana ibibazo bikurikira:

Imbaraga zitagira ingufu zitera gutinda kwa servo: Imbaraga zitagira ingufu zikomoka ku bitanda biremereye bya granite (nk'ibitanda binini bya gantry machine bishobora gupima toni mirongo) mu gihe cyo kwihuta no kugabanya umuvuduko zituma moteri ya servo isohora torque nyinshi, bigatuma ikosa ryo gukurikirana aho iri riherereye ryiyongera. Urugero, muri sisitemu zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi zitwarwa na moteri zigororotse, kuri buri kwiyongera kwa 10% by'uburemere, ukuri kw'aho iri gushobora kugabanukaho 5% kugeza 8%. Cyane cyane mu bihe byo gutunganya nanoscale, uku gutinda gushobora gutera amakosa yo gutunganya contour (nk'ikosa ryo kuzenguruka ryiyongera kuva kuri 50nm kugeza 200nm mu gihe cyo gushyira mu buryo uruziga).
Uburimbane budahagije butera kuzunguruka ku nshuro nke: Nubwo granite ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi busanzwe, modulus yayo ya elastic (hafi 60 kugeza 120GPa) iri hasi ugereranyije n'iy'icyuma gishongeshejwe. Iyo ishyizwe mu mitwaro isimburana (nk'ihindagurika ry'imbaraga zo gukata mu gihe cyo gutunganya uruziga rwinshi), ubuhinduzi buto bushobora kubaho. Urugero, mu gice cy'umutwe wa swing cy'ikigo cy'imashini gifite axis eshanu, ubuhinduzi buto bw'ibanze bwa granite bushobora gutuma uburyo bwo gushyiramo inguni ku murongo buhindagurika (nk'ikosa ryo gutondeka kuva kuri ± 5" kugeza kuri ± 15"), bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo gukora neza ubuso bugoye.
Iii. Imbogamizi zo kudahindagurika k'ubushyuhe n'uburyo ibidukikije bihuzwa
Nubwo igipimo cy’ubushyuhe bwa granite (hafi 5 kugeza 9 × 10⁻⁶/℃) kiri hasi ugereranyije n’icyuma gishongeshejwe, gishobora gutera amakosa mu gutunganya neza:

Ubushyuhe butera guhinduka kw'imiterere: Iyo ibikoresho bikora igihe kirekire, amasoko y'ubushyuhe nka moteri y'umugozi mukuru na sisitemu yo gusiga ibyuma bishobora gutera kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe mu bice bya granite. Urugero, iyo itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'ubuso bwo hejuru n'ubwo hasi bw'ameza yo gukoreraho ari 2°C, bishobora gutera guhinduka hagati cyangwa hagati (guhinduka k'ubushyuhe bishobora kugera kuri 10 kugeza kuri 20μm), bigatuma icyuma gifunga gikora nabi kandi bigatera ingaruka ku buryo bungana bwo gusya cyangwa gusya (nk'ubunini bw'ibice bya plate birenza ± 5μm kugeza ± 20μm).
Ubushuhe mu bidukikije butera kwaguka guke: Nubwo igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi cya granite (0.1% kugeza 0.5%) ari gito, iyo ikoreshejwe igihe kirekire ahantu hari ubushuhe bwinshi, ingano y'amazi ashobora kwaguka mu buryo bwa lattice, ibi bigatuma habaho impinduka mu buryo bwo gushyiramo aho umurongo ugana. Urugero, iyo ubushuhe buzamutse kuva kuri 40% RH kugeza kuri 70% RH, ingano y'umurongo w ...
Iv. Ingaruka rusange z'amakosa yo gutunganya no guteranya
Ingorane zo gutunganya granite ni nyinshi (zisaba ibikoresho byihariye bya diyama, kandi imikorere myiza yo gutunganya ni 1/3 kugeza 1/2 cy'ibikoresho by'icyuma), ibi bishobora gutuma hatabaho uburyo bwo gukora neza:

Gutunganya amakosa yo kohereza ubuso bwo guhuza: Niba hari ukunyuranamo mu gutunganya (nk'ubugari > 5μm, ikosa ryo gushyiramo imyobo > 10μm) mu bice by'ingenzi nko ku gice cyo gushyiraho umurongo w'inzira n'imyobo yo gushyigikira uruziga, bizatera kugorama k'umurongo w'inzira nyuma yo gushyiraho, kugabanya umubyimba w'umupira mu buryo butaringaniye, kandi amaherezo bigatera kwangirika k'uburyo bwo kugenda. Urugero, mu gihe cyo gutunganya umurongo w'inzira ufite umurongo wa gatatu, ikosa ryo kugena imiterere riterwa no kugorama k'umurongo w'inzira rishobora kwagura ikosa ry'uburebure bw'umurongo kuva kuri ± 10μm kugeza kuri ± 50μm.
Icyuho cyo guhuza imiterere y’ibikoresho bifatanye: Ibice bya granite by’ibikoresho binini bikunze gukoresha uburyo bwo guhuza (nk’uburyo bwo guhuza ibitanda mu bice byinshi). Iyo hari amakosa mato (> 10") cyangwa ubukana bw’ubuso > Ra0.8μm ku buso bwo guhuza, ubwinshi bw’imihangayiko cyangwa icyuho gishobora kubaho nyuma yo guteranya. Mu gihe kirekire, bishobora gutuma imiterere iruhuka kandi bigatera kugabanuka kw’ubuziranenge (nk’ukugabanuka kwa 2 kugeza kuri 5μm mu bijyanye no gushyiramo neza buri mwaka).
Incamake n'ibitekerezo byo guhangana n'ibibazo
Ingaruka mbi za granite zigira ingaruka zihishe, zihuriweho kandi zibangamira ibidukikije ku buryo ibikoresho bya CNC bikora neza, kandi zigomba gukemurwa mu buryo bunoze binyuze mu buryo nko guhindura ibikoresho (nk'ingufu za resin kugira ngo byongere ubukomere), gutunganya imiterere (nk'ibyuma bivanze bya granite), ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe (nk'amazi yo gukonjesha), no gukosora imikorere (nk'igenzura ry'igihe nyacyo hakoreshejwe laser interferometer). Mu rwego rwo gutunganya neza nanoscale, ni ngombwa kurushaho gukora igenzura ryuzuye kuva ku guhitamo ibikoresho, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya kugeza kuri sisitemu yose y'imashini kugira ngo haboneke inyungu z'imikorere ya granite mu gihe hirindwa inenge zayo.