Ibisabwa bya tekiniki yo gusana no gusimbuza ibyingenzi byihariye

Imikorere yizewe yimashini zigoye - kuva sisitemu yogufasha hydraulic kugeza kubikoresho bigezweho bya lithographie - biterwa cyane nuburyo bwihariye (butari busanzwe). Iyo iyi fondasiyo yananiwe cyangwa igahinduka, ibikenewe bya tekiniki yo gusana no gusimbuza bigomba guhuza neza uburinganire bwimiterere, ibintu bifatika, nibisabwa imbaraga za porogaramu. Ingamba zo kubungabunga ibyo bintu bitari bisanzwe bigomba kwibanda ku gusuzuma buri gihe ubwoko bw’ibyangiritse, gukwirakwiza imihangayiko, no kuzuza imikorere, mu gihe gusimburwa bisaba gukurikiza byimazeyo kwemeza guhuza hamwe na protocole yingirakamaro.

I. Ibyangiritse byangiza ningamba zo gusana

Ibyangiritse kubisanzwe byigaragaza mubisanzwe nko kuvunika kwaho, kunanirwa kwihuza, cyangwa kugoreka geometrike ikabije. Kunanirwa gukunze kuboneka muri hydraulic base base, kurugero, ni ukuvunika kwingenzi, bisaba uburyo bwo gusana butandukanye cyane. Niba kuvunika bibaye aho bihurira, akenshi biterwa numunaniro ukabije wibibazo bya cyclicale, gusana birasaba gukuraho neza ibyapa bitwikiriye, gukomezwa nyuma hamwe nicyapa cyababyeyi gihuye nicyuma, hamwe no gusudira byitondewe kugirango bigarure gukomeza imbavu nkuru. Ibi bikunze gukurikirwa no gutsindira kugabana no kuringaniza imbaraga zumutwaro.

Mu rwego rwibikoresho bisobanutse neza, gusana byibanda cyane ku kugabanya ibyangiritse. Reba igikoresho cya optique cyerekana micro-ibice hejuru yubutaka kubera kunyeganyega igihe kirekire. Gusana byakoresha tekinoroji ya lazeri kugirango ubike ifu ya aliyumu ihuye neza na substrate. Ubu buhanga butuma habaho kugenzura neza ubugari bwikigina, kugera ku gusana nta guhangayika birinda akarere kangizwa n’ubushyuhe no kwangirika kwumutungo ujyanye no gusudira bisanzwe. Kubishushanyo mbonera bitaremereye, inzira ya Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM), ikoresheje igice cya kabiri gikomeye cyo gukuramo ibikoresho, irashobora kwimenyereza guhuza imiterere igoye, ikuraho inenge zubuso mugihe irinze cyane umwirondoro wambere wa geometrike.

II. Kwemeza no Guhuza Igenzura ryo Gusimbuza

Gusimbuza ishingiro ryibanze bisaba sisitemu yuzuye ya 3D yo kwemeza ikubiyemo guhuza geometrike, guhuza ibikoresho, hamwe nibikorwa bikwiye. Muri CNC igikoresho cyimashini isimbuza umushinga, kurugero, igishushanyo mbonera gishya cyinjijwe mumashini yumwimerere ya Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Binyuze muburyo bwa topologiya, gukwirakwiza gukwirakwiza ibice bishya bihujwe neza na kera. Icy'ingenzi, 0.1 mm ya elastike yindishyi irashobora kwinjizwa mumwanya wo guhuza kugirango ikoreshe ingufu zinyeganyega. Mbere yo kwishyiriraho bwa nyuma, lazeri ikurikirana ihuza umwanya uhuza, igahuza uburinganire hagati yimikorere mishya ninzira nyabagendwa yimashini igenzurwa muri mm 0,02 kugirango hirindwe guhuza ibikorwa kubera kwishyiriraho amakosa.

Guhuza ibikoresho ni intandaro yo kuganira yo gusimbuza kwemeza. Iyo usimbuye imiyoboro yihariye ya marine, ibice bishya bikozwe mubyiciro bimwe bya duplex idafite ibyuma. Igeragezwa rikomeye rya electrochemical ruswa irashobora gukorwa kugirango hamenyekane itandukaniro rito rishobora kuba hagati yibikoresho bishya kandi bishaje, byemeza ko nta ruswa ya galvanike yihuta mu bidukikije bikabije by’amazi. Kubintu bifatika, ibipimo byo kwagura ubushyuhe bwo guhuza ibipimo ni itegeko kugirango hirindwe gutandukana hagati yatewe nubushyuhe bwikigereranyo.

III. Dynamic Calibration hamwe no kongera gukora

Gukurikira gusimburwa, kalibrasi yuzuye irakenewe kugirango igarure imikorere yumwimerere. Urubanza rukomeye nugusimbuza semiconductor lithographe imashini ishingiro. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, laser interferometero ikora igeragezwa ryimikorere yibikorwa byakazi. Binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo guhinduranya ibice byimbere byimbere ya piezoelectric ceramic micro-adjuters, ikosa ryo gusubiramo umwanya rishobora gutezimbere kuva 0.5 mkm yambere kugeza munsi ya 0.1 mkm. Kubintu fatizo bishyigikira imizunguruko, isesengura ryuburyo burakorwa, akenshi bisaba ko hongerwaho umwobo wogosha cyangwa kugabanwa imbaga kugirango uhindure ibintu bisanzwe bya rezanant yumurongo kure yimikorere ya sisitemu, bityo wirinde kwinyeganyeza kwangiza.

Ihinduka ryimikorere ryerekana kwagura inzira yo gusimbuza. Mugihe cyo kuzamura intebe yikizamini cya moteri yo mu kirere, imiterere mishya irashobora guhuzwa numuyoboro udafite umugozi wa gauge sensor. Uru rusobe rukurikirana ikwirakwizwa ryingutu kubintu byose bifatika mugihe nyacyo. Ibyatanzwe bitunganyirizwa kumurongo wo kubara hanyuma bigaburirwa gusubira muri sisitemu yo kugenzura, bituma habaho ihinduka ryibipimo byibizamini. Ihinduka ryubwenge ntirisubirana gusa ahubwo ryongera ibikoresho byo gupima ubuziranenge no gukora neza.

IV. Gufata neza no kuyobora ubuzima

Serivisi nogusimbuza ingamba zifatizo zigomba gushirwa mubikorwa byo kubungabunga. Kubishingiro byugarije ibidukikije byangirika, buri gihembwe ultrasonic yipimisha idasenya (NDT) irasabwa, yibanda kumasuderi hamwe n’ahantu ho kwibanda. Kubishingiro bifasha imashini zinyeganyega cyane, kugenzura buri kwezi kwihuta mbere-tension hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa torque-angle byemeza guhuza ubunyangamugayo. Mugushiraho icyitegererezo cyubwihindurize gishingiye ku gipimo cyo gukwirakwiza ibice, abashoramari barashobora guhanura neza ubuzima bw’ibanze busigaye, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura uburyo bwo gusimbuza-urugero, kwagura icyuma gisimbuza gare kuva mu myaka itanu kugeza ku myaka irindwi, bikagabanya cyane amafaranga yo kubungabunga.

Kubungabunga tekiniki yibikorwa byahindutse kuva mubisubizo byoroshye kubikorwa byubwenge. Muguhuza bidasubirwaho ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora, kwiyumvisha ubwenge, hamwe nubushobozi bwimpanga za digitale, ibidukikije bizaza kubungabunga ibidukikije byubatswe bitazagerwaho bizagerwaho no kwisuzumisha ibyangiritse, ibyemezo byo gusana ubwabyo, hamwe na gahunda yo gusimbuza neza, byemeza imikorere ikomeye yibikoresho bigoye kwisi yose.