Mu nganda zitunganya granite ku isi, cyane cyane mu gukora urubuga rwa granite rufite ubuhanga buhanitse (igice cy'ingenzi mu gupima no gutunganya neza), guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata bigena neza imikorere, ubuziranenge, n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu gutunganya nyuma. Muri iki gihe, ibigo byinshi bitunganya mu Bushinwa byishingikiriza ku bikoresho byo gutunganya amabuye bikorerwa mu gihugu mu bikorwa bya buri munsi, mu gihe inganda zibifitiye ubushobozi n'izikomeye zashyizeho imirongo igezweho y'ibikorwa byo mu mahanga n'ibikoresho bya tekiniki. Iri terambere ry'inzira ebyiri rituma urwego rw'Ubushinwa muri rusange rutunganya granite rukomeza guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga, nta gusiganwa inyuma y'amahame agezweho ku isi. Mu bikoresho bitandukanye byo gukata biboneka, urukero rw'amabuye rwo mu bwoko bwa bridge rwabaye igisubizo gikoreshwa cyane mu gukata urubuga rwa granite, bitewe n'imikorere yarwo ihebuje no kwihutisha ibisabwa mu gutunganya ingano ihindagurika.
1. Gukoresha ingenzi inkero zo gukata zikoresha uburyo bwa "Bross-Type Cutting Catters"
Urukero rw'amabuye rwo mu bwoko bwa "abridge" rw'ubwoko bwa "abridge" rwubatswe by'umwihariko mu gukata platforms za granite na platforms za marble - ibicuruzwa bisaba kugenzura neza cyane no kugira agaciro kanini ku isoko. Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukata intoki cyangwa semi-automatic, ubu bwoko bw'urukero bukoresha crossbeam positioning byikora kandi bugenzurwa na sisitemu y'ubwenge yo kugenzura. Iyi miterere ntiyoroshya gusa imikorere (igabanya kwishingikiriza ku buhanga bw'intoki) ahubwo inatanga ubushishozi budasanzwe bwo gukata (hamwe n'impinduka mu ngero zishobora kugenzurwa muri mikoroni ku bipimo by'ingenzi) no kudahungabana mu mikorere igihe kirekire. Byaba gutunganya platforms nto za granite zo gukoresha muri laboratwari cyangwa platforms nini zo mu nganda, ibikoresho bishobora kwihuza n'ibisabwa mu bunini butandukanye bitabangamiye ireme ryo gutunganya, bigatuma biba inkingi ikomeye mu gukora platforms za granite zigezweho.
2. Imiterere irambuye n'amahame ngenderwaho y'imikorere y'inkero zo gukata amabuye
Urukero rwo gukata rw’ubwoko bwa kiraro rw’uburyo bwikora ruhuza sisitemu nyinshi zihambaye, buri imwe ikagira uruhare runini mu kwemeza ko gukata neza, gukora neza, no kuramba kw’ibikoresho. Hasi aha hari isesengura ry’imikorere ya sisitemu zayo z’ingenzi n’amahame ngiro yazo:
2.1 Sisitemu Nkuru y'Ubufasha ku Magari ya Moshi na Gari ya Moshi
Nk'"urufatiro" rw'ibikoresho byose, inzira y'ingenzi y'umuhanda n'uburyo bwo gushyigikira byubatswe mu bikoresho bikomeye kandi bidashira (ubusanzwe biba icyuma cya alloy cyazimye cyangwa icyuma gikozwe neza cyane). Inshingano yacyo y'ibanze ni ugutuma icyuma cyose gikora neza mu gihe cyo gukata vuba. Mu kugabanya gutigita no kwimuka ku ruhande, iyi sisitemu irinda gukata guhindagurika guterwa no kudahindagurika kw'ibikoresho - ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kubungabunga ubugari bw'ibikoresho bya granite. Imiterere y'inkunga kandi ikozwe neza kugira ngo ishobore kwihanganira uburemere bw'ibiti binini bya granite (bikunze gupima toni nyinshi) nta guhindagurika.
2.2 Sisitemu y'ubudodo
Sisitemu yo gukata ni "inkingi y'ingenzi" y'umukero wo gukata, ushinzwe gushyira neza intera y'urugendo rw'imodoka ya gari ya moshi (ifata disiki yo gukata). Ku gukata urubuga rwa granite, cyane cyane iyo utunganya plaque z'urubuga zito cyane (ubunini buri hasi ya mm 5-10 mu bihe bimwe na bimwe), sisitemu yo gukata igomba kwemeza ingaruka ebyiri z'ingenzi: gukata neza (nta guhindagurika k'ubuso buciwe) n'ubugari bungana (ubunini buhamye ku rundi ruhande rwose rutarimo ikintu). Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, spindle ifite ibyuma bipima neza cyane hamwe n'uburyo bwo gushyiraho servo, bushobora kugenzura intera y'urugendo bufite ikosa riri munsi ya mm 0.02. Uru rwego rw'ubuziranenge rushyiraho neza neza inzira zo gusya no gutunganya plaque za granite.
2.3 Sisitemu yo guterura ihagaze
Sisitemu yo guterura ihagaze igenzura uburyo icyuma giterura kigenda gihagaze, ikagiha uburenganzira bwo guhindura uburebure bw'igicanwa hakurikijwe ubugari bw'icyuma giterura. Iyi sisitemu ikoreshwa na screw y'umupira ifite ubuhanga buhanitse cyangwa silinda ya hydraulic (bitewe n'ibipimo by'ibikoresho), ikagenzura ko guterura bigenda neza kandi bidahindagurika. Mu gihe cyo gukora, sisitemu ihindura mu buryo bwikora aho icyuma giterura gihagaze hashingiwe ku bipimo byashyizweho mbere (ibyinjiye binyuze muri sisitemu y'ubwenge), ikagenzura ko uburebure bw'igicanwa buhuye n'ubugari busabwa bw'icyuma giterura kidafite aho giherereye - bikuraho gukenera guhindurwa n'intoki no kugabanya amakosa y'abantu.
2.4 Sisitemu yo kugenda itambitse
Sisitemu yo kugenda itambitse ituma icyuma cy’urukero kigenda neza—inzira yo kwimura icyuma cy’urukero mu cyerekezo kitambitse kugira ngo gice mu gice cy’urukero cya granite. Akamaro k’ingenzi k’iyi sisitemu ni umuvuduko wayo wo kugaburira ushobora guhinduka: abakoresha bashobora guhitamo umuvuduko uwo ari wo wose uri mu rugero rwagenwe (ubusanzwe ni metero 0-5 ku munota) hashingiwe ku bukomere bwa granite (urugero, ubwoko bw’urukero rukomeye nka "Jinan Green" busaba umuvuduko muto wo kugaburira kugira ngo icyuma cy’urukero kidasaza kandi kirebe ko ari cyiza). Inzira itambitse iyoborwa na moteri ya servo, itanga torque ihoraho n’igenzura ry’umuvuduko, birushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gukata neza.
2.5 Sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta
Kugira ngo bigabanye ubukana hagati y’ibice byimuka (nk’imirongo iyobora, ibyuma bifunga, n’ibice bifunga) kandi byongere igihe cyo kubaho kw’ibikoresho, sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta ikoresha igishushanyo mbonera cy’amavuta yo gusiga. Iyi sisitemu ihita itanga amavuta yo gusiga ku bice by’ingenzi mu gihe runaka, igenzura ko ibice byose byimuka bikora neza kandi bidasaza cyane. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’amavuta yo gusiga amavuta kinarinda ivumbi n’imyanda ya granite kwinjira muri sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta, bigatuma ikomeza gukora neza kandi ikaba yizewe.
2.6 Sisitemu yo gukonjesha
Gukata granite bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi (biterwa no gushwanyagurika hagati y’icyuma cy’urukero n’ibuye rikomeye), bishobora kwangiza icyuma cy’urukero (bigatera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kugabanuka) kandi bikagira ingaruka ku buryo bwo gukata neza (biterwa no kwaguka k’ubushyuhe bwa granite). Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikemura iki kibazo ikoresheje ipompo y’amazi ikonjesha yabugenewe kugira ngo izunguruze icyuma gikonjesha cyihariye (cyakozwe kugira ngo kirwanye ingese kandi cyongere ubushyuhe) mu gace gakata. Igikoresho gikonjesha ntigifata ubushyuhe buva ku cyuma cy’urukero n’icya granite gusa ahubwo kinakuraho imyanda ikata, bigatuma ubuso bwo gukata busukura kandi bukarinda imyanda kubangamira inzira yo gukata. Ibi byemeza ko icyuma cy’urukero gikora neza kandi bikongera igihe cyo gukora cy’icyuma cy’urukero.
2.7 Sisitemu ya Feri
Sisitemu ya feri ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano n'ubuhanga, cyagenewe guhagarika vuba kandi mu buryo bwizewe urusaku rw'umukero, igiti cyo kwambukiranya, cyangwa imodoka ya gari ya moshi iyo bikenewe. Ikoresha uburyo bwa feri bwa elegitoroniki cyangwa hydraulic, bushobora gukora mu masegonda make kugira ngo hirindwe ko hakorwa urugendo rurenze urugero (kugira ngo habeho guhagarara neza neza aho byashyizwe) no kwirinda impanuka ziterwa no kugenda bitunguranye. Mu gihe cyo guhindura intoki cyangwa kuzimya byihutirwa, sisitemu ya feri igenzura ko ibikoresho biguma bihagaze, ikarinda abakoresha n'ibikoresho bya granite.
2.8 Sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi
Nk' "ubwonko" bw'umukero wo gukata w'ubwoko bwa bridge wikora ku buryo bwikora, sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi iherereye mu kabati k'amashanyarazi gacungwa, bigatuma uburyo bwo gukora bwaba ubw'intoki n'ubw'ikora ku buryo bwikora. Ibiranga by'ingenzi birimo:
- Imiterere y'ibipimo by'ubwenge: Abakoresha bashobora kwinjiza ibipimo byo gukata (nk'ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata, umuvuduko wo gutanga, n'umubare w'ibice) binyuze kuri ecran ya touchscreen, kandi sisitemu ikora inzira yo gukata mu buryo bwikora— kugabanya amakosa y'abantu no kunoza imiterere.
- Igenzura ry’Umuvuduko w’Ingano Ihindagurika (VFD): Umuvuduko w’icyuma gikata amabuye ugenzurwa n’imashini ihindura ingano, bigatuma umuvuduko uhinduka nta ntambwe. Ibi bivuze ko umuvuduko ushobora guhindurwa neza mu buryo buhoraho mu rwego rw’imikorere, aho kugarukira ku rugero ruhamye rw’umuvuduko—ikintu cy’ingenzi mu guhuza n’ubukomere butandukanye bwa granite n’ibisabwa mu gukata.
- Igenzura ry’igihe nyacyo: Sisitemu igenzura ibipimo by’ingenzi by’imikorere (nk’umuvuduko w’imashini, ubushyuhe bw’imashini ikonjesha, n’uko feri ihagaze) mu gihe nyacyo. Iyo hagaragaye ikintu kidasanzwe (urugero: urwego ruto rw’imashini ikonjesha cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi bw’imashini ikonjesha), sisitemu iratangaza kandi igahagarika imashini iyo bibaye ngombwa—ikagenzura ko ikora neza kandi ihamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-21-2025