Urubuga rwo hejuru rw'umwuka utemba neza: Ishingiro rya granite rifite ubuziranenge budasanzwe.

Mu isonga mu gukora neza no gushakisha ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, amakosa yose ashobora kuba "inzitizi" ibuza ibintu gutera imbere. Nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kugenzura neza ingendo, imikorere y'urusobe rw'umwuka uhindagurika ugenda mu kirere bifitanye isano itaziguye n'ubwiza n'intsinzi y'umusaruro. Mu bintu byinshi bigira ingaruka, ishingiro rya granite, rifite imiterere yaryo idasanzwe, ryabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kwemeza ko urusobe rukora neza.
Granite, nyuma y’imyaka miliyoni y’impinduka mu by’ubutaka, imiterere y’imbere iba ikomeye kandi isa, ahanini bitewe na quartz, feldspar n’andi mabuye y’agaciro afatanye. Iyi miterere yihariye isanzwe ituma urufatiro rwa granite rugira imiterere idasanzwe.

Ihamye cyane, yitaruye ingaruka z'inyuma
Guhindagurika kw'ikirere cyo hanze ni umwanzi w'ubuziranenge bw'ikirere gitembera mu kirere gitembera mu buryo buhamye. Guhindagurika kw'ikirere gutembera mu kirere biva mu mikorere y'imashini nini n'ibikoresho biri hasi mu ruganda no mu nkengero zarwo bishobora koherezwa ku gice kigenda gica mu butaka. Ariko, ishingiro rya granite rimeze nk' "igihome gikomeye kirwanya umutingito." Imiterere yaryo ikomeye ya kristale ishobora kuzibira no kugabanya guhindagurika, kandi binyuze mu bizamini bifatika, uburebure bw'ihindagurika ry'ikirere bushobora kugabanukaho ibirenze 80%. Mu isuzumabumenyi rikorwamo utumashini duto, inzira yo gufotora isaba ubuziranenge bwo gushyiramo kugira ngo igere ku rwego rwa nanometero, kandi urwego rwo kugendamo umwuka utembera mu kirere gitembera mu kirere gitemberamo rushyigikiwe n'ishingiro rya granite rushobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho bya chip lithography bikomeza gukora neza mu bidukikije bigoye guhindagurika, kurangiza neza ishusho y'uruhererekane, no kunoza cyane umusaruro w'ikorwa rya chip.
Ubushyuhe buhamye neza, ntabwoba impinduka z'ubushyuhe
Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rizatuma ibikoresho byinshi byaguka kandi bigabanyuka, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku buryo ibikoresho bihagaze neza. Ariko, ishingiro rya granite rigaragaza ubushyuhe budasanzwe, kandi ingano yaryo yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe ni nto cyane, muri rusange iri kuri 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Mu rwego rw'ubumenyi bw'ikirere, urubuga rwo kugenda rw'umwuka uhindagurika neza rukoreshwa mu gutunganya neza lenses nini za telesikope, hamwe n'ishingiro rya granite, nubwo haba hari impinduka zikomeye mu itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'amanywa n'ijoro, rushobora kwemeza ko uburyo lens ihagaze neza buguma ku rwego rwa sub-micron, bigafasha abahanga mu by'ikirere gufata neza impinduka zigaragara z'ibiri mu kirere biri kure no gushakisha amayobera y'isanzure ryimbitse.
Ubukomere bwinshi no kudashira kugira ngo ikoreshwe igihe kirekire
Mu gihe kirekire cy’urukuta rw’umwuka uhindagurika ukoresheje umuvuduko udasanzwe, nubwo hari inkunga y’umwuka uhindagurika hagati y’urukuta n’ishingiro, haracyariho urwego runaka rw’ubushyamirane. Ubukana bwa granite buri hejuru, ubukana bwa Mohs bushobora kugera kuri 6-7, hamwe n’ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika. Muri laboratwari y’ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho, urukuta rw’umwuka uhindagurika ukoresha umuvuduko udasanzwe ukoreshwa cyane, ishingiro ryarwo rya granite rishobora kurwanya ubushyamirane bw’igihe kirekire, ugereranije n’ishingiro risanzwe, rishobora kongera igihe cyo kubungabunga urukuta ku kigero kirenga 50%, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho, no kwemeza ko akazi k’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi kazakomeza.
Guhitamo ishingiro rya granite kugira ngo habeho urwego rwo kugenda rw’umwuka uhindagurika neza ni ugukurikirana neza, guhagarara no kuramba. Mu rwego rwo gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, gukora ibikoresho by’amatara, indege, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’ibizamini, bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse, urwego rwo kugenda rw’umwuka uhindagurika neza ushingiye ku ishingiro rya granite rufite uruhare runini rudasimburwa, ruteza imbere iterambere ry’inganda zitandukanye mu buryo bwo hejuru.