Mu rwego rw'imashini zigaragaza laser zo ku rwego rwa picosecond, ubushishozi ni cyo kimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma imikorere y'ibikoresho. Ishingiro, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi gitwara sisitemu ya laser n'ibice byayo by'ubuziranenge, ibikoresho byayo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buziranenge bwo gutunganya neza. Granite n'icyuma gishongeshejwe, nk'ibikoresho bibiri by'ibanze, bifite itandukaniro rinini mu miterere y'ubuziranenge bwo kugabanya ubuziranenge mu gihe cyo gutunganya neza cyane mu rwego rwa picosecond. Iyi nkuru izasesengura byimbitse ibyiza n'ibibi by'imikorere byombi kugira ngo itange ishingiro rya siyansi ryo kuvugurura ibikoresho.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho ni yo igena ishingiro ry'ubuziranenge
Granite ni ibuye ry’umukara ryakozwe binyuze mu mikorere ya geologiya mu myaka amagana na miliyoni. Imiterere yaryo y’imbere ya kristu ni nini kandi ingana, ifite umurongo wo kwaguka uri hasi ya 0.5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃, igereranywa n’iy’ibyuma bipima neza nka indium steel. Iyi miterere ituma impinduka zayo mu ngero zidashoboka iyo ubushyuhe bw’ikirere buhindagurika, birinda neza amakosa ya tekiniki aterwa no kwaguka no guhindagurika k’ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, ubucucike bwa granite buri hejuru ya 2.6-2.8g / cm³, ifite ubushobozi bwo gufata neza imitingito. Ishobora kugabanya vuba imitingito iterwa na laser, ikarinda umutekano wa sisitemu y’amatara n’ibice bigenda.
Ishingiro ry'icyuma gishongeshejwe rikoreshwa cyane bitewe n'imikorere yacyo myiza yo gushongeshwa hamwe n'inyungu zacyo ku giciro. Imiterere isanzwe ya grafiti y'icyuma gishongeshejwe irayiha ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura, ishobora kwinjiza hagati ya 30% na 50% by'ingufu zo guhindagurika. Ariko, igipimo cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe ni hafi 10-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃, bikubye inshuro 2-3 ugereranyije n'icya granite. Mu gihe ubushyuhe bwinshi buterwa no gutunganya igihe kirekire, imiterere y'ibipimo ikunze kubaho. Hagati aho, hari imbaraga zo gushongeshwa imbere mu cyuma gishongeshejwe. Uko imbaraga zirekurwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha, zishobora guteza impinduka zidasubirwaho mu buryo burambuye no mu buryo bugororotse bw'ishingiro.
Uburyo bwo kugabanya ubuziranenge mu gutunganya ku rwego rwa picosecond
Gutunganya laser ya Picosecond, hamwe n’imiterere yayo migufi cyane, bishobora kugera ku gutunganya neza ku rwego rwa sub-micron cyangwa ndetse no ku rwego rwa nanometer, ariko kandi binashyiraho ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo ibikoresho bihamye. Ishingiro rya granite, hamwe n’imiterere yaryo y’imbere ihamye, rishobora kugenzura uburyo imitingito ikorwa ku rwego rwa sub-micron munsi y’ingaruka za laser zikabije, rigakomeza neza uburyo laser ishyirwamo neza. Amakuru yapimwe agaragaza ko imashini ishyira ikimenyetso kuri laser ifite ishingiro rya granite ikomeza kugira ubugari bw’umurongo muri ± 0.5μm nyuma yo gutunganya picosecond amasaha 8.
Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe gihuye n'ingufu nyinshi za laser ya picosecond, imiterere y'imbere y'ibinyampeke izagira umunaniro ukabije bitewe n'ingaruka zihoraho, bigatuma ubukomere bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe bugabanuka. Amakuru akurikiranwa n'ikigo runaka gikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor agaragaza ko nyuma y'amezi atandatu gikora, igipimo cyo kugabanya ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho bifite icyuma gishongeshejwe kigera kuri 12%, ahanini kigaragara nk'ubwiyongere bw'inkombe z'imirongo no kwiyongera kw'amakosa yo gushyiramo. Hagati aho, icyuma gishongeshejwe kibasha kwitabwaho n'ubushuhe bw'ibidukikije. Gukoresha igihe kirekire bishobora kwangirika, bikongera kwihutisha kwangirika kw'ubuziranenge.
Kugenzura itandukaniro ry'imikorere mu mikorere ifatika
Mu rwego rwo gutunganya ibice by’ikoranabuhanga bya 3C, ikigo kizwi cyane cyakoze ikizamini cyo kugereranya imikorere y’ibikoresho by’ubwoko bubiri bw’ibikoresho. Muri iryo gerageza, imashini ebyiri zigaragaza imirasire ya laser ya picosecond zifite imiterere imwe zashyizwemo imirasire ya granite n’icyuma gishongeshejwe kugira ngo zice kandi zishyireho ikimenyetso ku kirahuri cya ecran za telefoni zigendanwa zifite ubugari bwa mm 0.1. Nyuma y’amasaha 200 yo gutunganya ibintu bidasibangana, igipimo cyo kugumana ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho by’ibanze bya granite cyari 98.7%, mu gihe icy’ibikoresho by’ibanze byashongeshejwe cyari 86.3% gusa. Impande z’ikirahuri cyatunganyijwe n’icyo cya nyuma zagaragaje inenge zigaragara.
Mu gukora ibice by’indege, amakuru ajyanye n’igihe kirekire y’ikigo runaka cy’ubushakashatsi agaragaza itandukaniro mu buryo bw’umwihariko: Imashini ishyira ibimenyetso bya laser ifite ishingiro rya granite ifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ubuziranenge buri munsi ya 3μm mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu; Ariko, nyuma y’imyaka itatu, ikosa ryo gutunganya ibikoresho by’icyuma gikozwe mu byuma byashongeshejwe ryatewe no guhinduka kw’ishingiro ryarenze urugero rw’imikorere rwa ±10μm, kandi hagomba gukorwa igenzura rusange ry’ubuziranenge bw’imashini.
Inama zo kuvugurura ibyemezo
Niba ibigo bifata uburyo bwo gutunganya neza kandi burambye nk'ibyo byifuzo byabyo by'ingenzi, cyane cyane mu nzego nka za chips za semiconductor na optique optical, granite bases, hamwe n'ubushyuhe buhamye no kudahindagurika, ni amahitamo meza yo kuvugurura. Nubwo ikiguzi cyayo cya mbere cyo kugura kiri hejuru ya 30% kugeza kuri 50% ugereranyije n'icy'icyuma gishongeshejwe, ukurikije ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose, kugabanuka kwa qualitative precision calibration no kubura igihe cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho bishobora kongera inyungu rusange. Ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bifite ibisabwa bike byo gutunganya neza n'ingengo y'imari ntoya, bases za cast steel zishobora gukoreshwa nk'igisubizo cy'inzibacyuho mu rwego rwo kugenzura neza ibidukikije bikoreshwa.
Mu kugereranya neza imiterere y’ubudahangarwa bw’icyuma cya granite n’icyuma gikozwe mu buryo buhanitse mu gutunganya ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa picosecond, bigaragara ko guhitamo ibikoresho by’ibanze bikwiye ari intambwe y’ingenzi yo kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kwizerwa kw’imashini ishyira ibimenyetso bya laser. Ibigo bigomba, hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga ryabyo n’ibiciro byabyo, gufata ibyemezo bya siyansi kuri gahunda yo kuvugurura ibikoresho kugira ngo bitange ishingiro rikomeye ry’ibikoresho byo mu nganda zigezweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-22-2025