Mu rwego rwa picosekond-urwego rwa lazeri yerekana imashini, precision nicyo kimenyetso nyamukuru cyo gusuzuma imikorere yibikoresho. Shingiro, nkibintu byingenzi bitwara sisitemu ya laser hamwe nibice bisobanutse neza, ibikoresho byayo bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye bwo gutunganya neza. Granite hamwe nicyuma, nkibikoresho bibiri byingenzi byibanze, bifite itandukaniro rigaragara mubiranga neza neza mugihe cyo gutunganya picosekond-urwego ultra-nziza. Iyi ngingo izasesengura byimazeyo ibyiza nibikorwa byibi byombi kugirango bitange ubumenyi bwa siyansi yo kuzamura ibikoresho. ?
Ibikoresho bifatika bigena ishingiro ryukuri
Granite mubyukuri ni urutare rwaka rwakozwe binyuze mubikorwa bya geologiya mumyaka miriyoni amagana. Imiterere yimbere ya kirisiti yimbere kandi yuzuye, hamwe na coeffisente yo kwagura umurongo uri munsi ya 0.5-8 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, ugereranije niy'imyunyu ngugu nk'icyuma cya indium. Ibi biranga bituma impinduka zayo zingana nkibisanzwe mugihe ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buhindagurika, birinda neza inzira ya optique hamwe namakosa ya mashini yatewe no kwaguka kwinshi no kugabanuka. Byongeye kandi, ubucucike bwa granite buri hejuru ya 2,6-2.8g / cm³, busanzwe bufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kunyeganyega. Irashobora kwihuta kwihuta kwinshi kwinyeganyeza zakozwe mugihe cyo gutunganya laser, ikemeza neza sisitemu ya optique hamwe nibice byimuka. ?
Ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma bikoreshwa cyane kubera imikorere myiza ya casting nibyiza byigiciro. Imiterere isanzwe ya flake grafite yimyenda yicyuma iha imbaraga zimwe na zimwe zo kugabanya, zishobora gukuramo 30% kugeza 50% byingufu zinyeganyega. Nyamara, coefficent yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibyuma bigera kuri 10-12 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, bikubye inshuro 2-3 za granite. Munsi yo kwegeranya ubushyuhe butangwa nigihe kirekire gikomeza gutunganywa, ihindagurika ryimiterere rishobora kubaho. Hagati aho, harimo guhagarika umutima imbere yicyuma. Nkuko imihangayiko irekurwa mugihe cyo gukoresha, irashobora gutera impinduka zidasubirwaho muburinganire na perpendicularity ya base. ?
Uburyo busobanutse neza muburyo bwo gutunganya picosekond
Gutunganya lazeri ya Picosecond, hamwe nibiranga ultra-bigufi biranga impyisi, irashobora kugera ku gutunganya neza kurwego rwa sub-micron cyangwa no kurwego rwa nanometero, ariko kandi itanga ibisabwa bikomeye kugirango ibikoresho bihamye. Intangiriro ya granite, hamwe nimiterere yimbere yimbere, irashobora kugenzura igisubizo cyinyeganyeza kurwego rwa sub-micron munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi wa lazeri, bikomeza neza neza neza aho icyerekezo cya laser kibereye. Ibipimo byapimwe byerekana ko imashini iranga laser ifite base ya granite iracyafite umurongo ugabanya ubugari muri ± 0.5μm nyuma yo gutunganya picosecond yamasaha 8. ?
Iyo icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gihuye n’umuvuduko mwinshi wa lazeri ya picosekond, imiterere yimbere yimbere izagira umunaniro wa microscopique kubera ingaruka zikomeje, bigatuma igabanuka ryikigero cyibanze. Gukurikirana amakuru aturuka mu ruganda runaka rukora inganda zerekana ko nyuma y'amezi atandatu akora, igipimo cyo gutunganya neza neza ibikoresho bifite ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma kigera kuri 12%, ahanini bigaragazwa no kwiyongera k'ubukomere bw'imirongo no kwaguka kw'amakosa ahagarara. Hagati aho, ibyuma bikozwe neza byumva neza ibidukikije. Gukoresha igihe kirekire bikunda kubora, bikarushaho kwihuta kwangirika kwukuri. ?
Kugenzura imikorere itandukanye mubikorwa bifatika
Mu rwego rwo gutunganya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ya 3C, uruganda ruzwi rwakoze ikigereranyo cyo kugereranya imikorere yibikoresho byubwoko bubiri bwibanze. Muri ubwo bushakashatsi, imashini ebyiri zerekana ibimenyetso bya picosekond zifite icyerekezo kimwe zashyizwe hamwe na granite hamwe n’ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma cyo guca no gushyira ikirahuri cya ecran ya terefone igendanwa ifite ubugari bwa 0.1mm. Nyuma yamasaha 200 yo gukomeza gutunganya, igipimo cyo kugumya gutunganya neza ibikoresho fatizo bya granite cyari 98.7%, mugihe icyuma cyibanze cyuma cyari 86.3%. Impande z'ikirahuri zitunganijwe na nyuma zerekanaga inenge zigaragara. ?
Mu gukora ibice byo mu kirere, amakuru maremare yo gukurikirana yikigo runaka cyubushakashatsi aragaragaza mu buryo bwimbitse itandukaniro: Imashini iranga laser ifite base ya granite ifite cumulative precision attenensique iri munsi ya 3μm mugihe cyimyaka itanu yumurimo wa serivisi; Ariko, nyuma yimyaka itatu, ikosa ryo gutunganya ibikoresho byuma bikozwe mubyuma biterwa no guhindura imikorere yarenze igipimo cyibikorwa bya ± 10μm, kandi hagomba gukorwa kalibrasi yimashini muri rusange. ?
Ibyifuzo byo kuzamura ibyemezo
Niba ibigo bifata neza-neza kandi birebire-bigatunganyirizwa hamwe nkibisabwa byibanze, cyane cyane mubice nka semiconductor chip hamwe nibikoresho bya optique, ibice bya granite, hamwe nubushyuhe budasanzwe bwumuriro hamwe no kurwanya ibinyeganyega, ni amahitamo meza yo kuzamura. Nubwo igiciro cyambere cyamasoko kiri hejuru ya 30% kugeza kuri 50% kurenza icyuma gikozwe mucyuma, ukurikije ikiguzi cyubuzima bwuzuye, kugabanuka inshuro ya kalibrasi yuzuye hamwe nibikoresho byigihe cyo kubungabunga bishobora kuzamura inyungu rusange. Kubishobora gukoreshwa hamwe nibisabwa bitunganijwe neza hamwe ningengo yimishinga ntarengwa, ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma birashobora gukoreshwa nkigisubizo cyinzibacyuho hashingiwe ku kugenzura neza imikoreshereze y’ibidukikije. ?
Mugereranije muburyo bugaragara ibimenyetso biranga granite hamwe nicyuma mugutunganya urwego rwa picosekond, birashobora kugaragara ko guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo bikwiye ari intambwe yingenzi yo kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kwizerwa kwimashini yerekana ibimenyetso bya laser. Ibigo bigomba, hashingiwe kubyo basabwa mu ikoranabuhanga no gutekereza ku biciro, gufata ibyemezo bya siyansi kuri gahunda yo kuzamura shingiro kugirango bitange ibikoresho bihamye byo gukora inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. ?
Igihe cyoherejwe: Gicurasi-22-2025