Ese imiterere yawe yagutse iterwa n'umusingi udahamye?

Mu nganda zikora neza cyane—kuva ku by’indege n’imodoka kugeza ku ngufu n’imashini zikomeye—gusaba gukoresha neza ntibigabanuka bitewe gusa n’uko ibice bikura. Ahubwo, ibice binini nk’imashini zikora turbine, amasanduku y’amagiya, cyangwa serivede z’imiterere akenshi bigira ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu mu buryo bukabije ugereranyije n’ingano yabyo, bigatuma gupima neza bitagorana gusa, ahubwo biba ingenzi cyane. Nyamara, inyubako nyinshi zirengagiza ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane mu igenzura rinini: gutuza no kugorora kw’ubuso bw’aho zikoresha. Niba urimo gukora ku gipande kinini cy’ubuso cya granite, uba umaze gusobanukirwa agaciro kacyo—ariko se ubona umusaruro wose ushoboye gutanga?

Ukuri ni uko,isahani ya granitebyonyine ntibihagije. Hatabayeho inkunga ikwiye, kugenzura ibidukikije, no gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y’ibipimo ihamye, ndetse n’icyuma cyo hejuru gishobora gukora nabi—cyangwa kikazana amakosa yihishe. Niyo mpamvu abakora ibikoresho bikomeye badakoresha icyuma gusa; bashora imari mu buryo bwuzuye—cyane cyane, mu buryo bunozeisahani yo hejuru ya granitehamwe n'aho igitereko cyakorewe kugira ngo gikomere, kigendwe neza, kandi gihore gihamye igihe kirekire. Kubera ko iyo isahani yawe iguye gato munsi y'uburemere bwayo cyangwa ikazunguruka bitewe n'imashini ziri hafi aho, buri gipimo cy'uburebure, buri gusuzuma ubugari bwa kare, na buri buryo bwo kuyitunganya biba bikekwa.

Granite imaze imyaka irenga 70 ikoreshwa mu gupima ubuso buto, kandi ku mpamvu zumvikana za siyansi. Ibigize umukara wayo mu buryo bworoshye kandi budafite imyenge bitanga ubudahangarwa budasanzwe, ubushyuhe buke (ubusanzwe ni 6–8 µm kuri metero imwe kuri °C), no kugabanya ubushyuhe mu buryo busanzwe—byose ni ngombwa mu kugenzura imiterere y’ibikoresho bya toni nyinshi. Bitandukanye n’ameza y’icyuma cyangwa ibyuma byakozwe, bihindagurika bitewe n’ubushyuhe, bikangirika uko igihe kigenda, kandi bikagumana imbaraga z’imbere mu nzu, granite iguma idakora neza mu gihe cy’isuku isanzwe. Niyo mpamvu amahame mpuzamahanga nka ASME B89.3.7 na ISO 8512-2 avuga ko granite ari yo yonyine yemewe ku byapa by’ubuso byo mu cyiciro cya 00 kugeza mu cyiciro cya 1 bikoreshwa mu gupima no kugenzura neza.

Ariko igipimo gihindura byose. Isahani nini y'ubuso bwa granite—urugero, mm 2000 x 4000 cyangwa irenga—ishobora gupima ibiro birenga 2.000. Kuri ubwo buremere, uburyo ishyigikiwemo iba ingenzi cyane nk'urwego rwayo rwo kugorora. Imiterere idakwiye y'aho ihagarara (urugero, aho amaguru ashyirwa, inkingi zoroshye, cyangwa uburyo ibyuma bihagarara bidahagije) bishobora gutera kugorora kurenza imigozi yemewe yo kwihanganira. Urugero, isahani ya Grade 0 ifite 3000 x 1500 mm igomba kugumana ubugororangingo muri mikoroni ± 18 ku buso bwayo bwose hakurikijwe ISO 8512-2. Niba isahani yemerera no gupfukama gato hagati, iyo miterere ihita ihungabanywa—atari ukubera granite mbi, ahubwo ni ubuhanga buke.

Aha niho igice cya "hamwe n'aho gihagaze"isahani y'ubuso bwa granite itunganyehamwe n'aho uhagarara uhinduka kuva ku gikoresho cy'inyongera ukajya ku gikenewe cy'ingenzi. Aho uhagarara hakozwe intego si imiterere gusa—ni sisitemu y'imiterere yakozwe hakoreshejwe isesengura ry'ibintu bito kugira ngo ikwirakwize imizigo neza, igabanye ubukana, kandi igatanga inkunga ihamye y'ingingo eshatu cyangwa nyinshi ijyanye n'ingingo karemano z'aho uhagarara. Aho uhagarara hanini hafite ibirenge bishobora guhinduka, bigabanya ubukana, imbaraga zo kunyuranya, ndetse n'uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera ku bakoresha n'ibikoresho. Hari ndetse n'aho bahuza inzira zo hasi kugira ngo batatanye—ingenzi mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa mu byumba by'isuku.

Muri ZHHIMG, twiboneye ubwabyo uburyo sisitemu ikwiye ihindura umusaruro. Umwe mu bakora turbine z'umuyaga zo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru yagowe no gupima imiterere y'ingufu ku rufatiro rwa nacelle. Ameza yabo ya granite yari isanzweho yari ku gitereko cy'icyuma cyasubiwemo cyahindukaga munsi y'umutwaro. Nyuma yo gushyiraho icyuma kinini cyemewe cya granite gishyizwe ku gitereko cyakozwe mu buryo bwihariye gifite ibirenge bingana, ihinduka ryabyo ryagabanutseho 52%, kandi kwangwa kw'abakiriya kwarahagaze burundu. Ibikoresho ntibyahindutse - gusa urufatiro.

Ikindi cy'ingenzi ni uburyo izi sisitemu zihuzwa n'imikorere ya buri munsi. Isahani y'ubuso bwa granite ikozwe neza ifite aho ihagarara izamura ubuso bw'akazi ku burebure bukwiye (ubusanzwe 850–900 mm), ikagabanya umunaniro w'umukoresha mu gihe cy'igenzura rirerire. Itanga uburyo bwo kwinjira neza ku mpande zose ku maboko ya CMM, ibyuma bikurikirana imirasire ya laser, cyangwa ibikoresho by'intoki. Kandi kubera ko aho ihagarara hatandukanya granite n'imitingito yo hasi—isanzwe hafi y'aho ikanda, imirongo yo gukanda, cyangwa ibice bya HVAC—irinda ubusugire bw'ibimenyetso by'uburebure cyangwa ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Kubungabunga nabyo bigira uruhare. Nubwo granite ubwayo idasaba kwitabwaho cyane uretse gusukurwa buri gihe hakoreshejwe inzoga ya isopropyl, aho ihagarara hagomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubukana bw'umugozi, uburebure, n'ubuziranenge bw'imiterere. Kandi kimwe n'isahani, ihuriro ryose rigomba gusuzumwa buri gihe. Gupima neza plate y'ubuso bw'isahani ku buryo bunini ntabwo bikubiyemo gusa gupima ubugari bw'isahani, ahubwo binagaragaza uburyo sisitemu ihagaze neza—harimo no guhindagurika kw'inyuma y'umutwaro ukozwe mu buryo bwakozwe mu buryo bwakozwe mu buryo bwa "stand-induced" munsi y'umutwaro ukozwe mu buryo bwa "gastricted".

Mu gihe uhitamo icyuma kinini cya granite, nturebe kure y'ingano n'igiciro. Saba:

• Icyemezo cyuzuye cya ASME B89.3.7 cyangwa ISO 8512-2, harimo n'ikarita igaragaza aho ubugari bugarukira nyabwo bugarukira.
• Inyandiko zigaragaza inkomoko ya granite (ifite imiterere myiza, igabanya stress, idafite imiyoboro)
• Ibishushanyo by'ubuhanga by'aho bahagarara, bigaragaza imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imiterere yabyo
• Amakuru yerekeye isesengura ry'imitingito niba akorera mu bidukikije bihindagurika

Muri ZHHIMG, dufatanya gusa n'ibigo bitanga serivisi zifata sisitemu nini za granite nk'urubuga rwa metrology ruhuriweho—ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa. Buri gice cy'ubuso bwa granite gifite imiterere y'ubuziranenge gifite aho dutanga gipimwa ukwacyo munsi y'umutwaro, kigashyirwa mu byiciro kugira ngo kimenyekane neza, kandi giherekezwe n'icyemezo cyo gupima gishoboka gukurikiranwa cya NIST. Ntitwemera "hafi bihagije." Muri metrology nini, nta mwanya wo kumvikana.

Kubera ko iyo igice cyawe gitwaye imibare itandatu kandi umukiriya wawe agasaba ko cyoherezwa nta kibazo kirimo, aho ugarukira ntabwo ari ikintu cyo gutekerezaho nyuma. Kigomba kuba ari cyo kintu cyizerwa cyane—ikizere cy’ukuri mu isi aho mikoroni ari ingenzi.

Ibaze rero uti: ese imiterere yawe iriho ubu ishyigikira intego zawe zo gukora neza—cyangwa irazihungabanya bucece? Muri ZHHIMG, tugufasha kwiyubakamo icyizere kuva hasi, dukoresheje sisitemu za granite zikora neza ushobora gupima, kwizera no kurinda.