Mu rwego rwibikoresho bisobanutse neza mu nganda, ituze rya granite ahanini riterwa nuburinganire bwarwo, ubwinshi bwimiterere, hamwe nibikorwa byerekana imikorere (nka coefficente yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, umuvuduko w'amazi, n'imbaraga zo kwikuramo), aho kuba ibara ryonyine. Nyamara, ibara akenshi ryerekana mu buryo butaziguye itandukaniro ryimiterere yimiterere yimiterere nibidukikije. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa bifatika, granite yamabara amwe arashimwa cyane kubera imikorere yayo yuzuye. Ibikurikira nisesengura ryihariye:
I. Ishyirahamwe ritaziguye hagati yamabara no guhagarara
Ibara rya granite rigenwa nuburinganire bwaryo, kandi imyunyu ngugu igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye:
Granite ifite ibara ryoroshye (nka cyera cyera, ibara ryijimye)
Ibigize amabuye y'agaciro: Ahanini quartz na feldspar (bingana na 60% kugeza 80%), hamwe na mika nkeya cyangwa amphibole.
Quartz (ifite ubucucike bwa 2,65g / cm³) na feldspar (ifite ubucucike bwa 2,5-2.8g / cm³) ifite ubukana bwinshi, itajegajega ikomeye, hamwe na coefficient nkeya yo kwagura ubushyuhe (mubisanzwe 5-8 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃), kandi ntabwo byatewe nimpinduka zubushyuhe.
Ibiranga imiterere: Byakozwe mubidukikije bya geologiya bihamye (nko gukonjesha buhoro mu gice gito cy’ubutaka bw’isi), hamwe nuduce duto twa kristaline, imiterere yuzuye, ubukana buke (0.3% - 0.7%), umuvuduko muke w’amazi (<0.15%), no kurwanya imbaraga zo guhindura ibintu.
Porogaramu zisanzwe: Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya optique bifatika (nkibikoresho bya mashini bifotora), bikenera kugumana uburebure bwigihe kirekire.
Granite yijimye (nk'umukara, icyatsi kibisi)
Ibigize amabuye y'agaciro: Bikungahaye ku myunyu ngugu ya fer na magnesium (nka amphibole, biotite, pyroxene), kandi igice kirimo imyunyu ngugu iremereye nka magnetite na ilmenite.
Amphibole (ubucucike 3.0-3.4g / cm³) na biotite (ubucucike 2.7-3.1g / cm³) bifite ubucucike buri hejuru, ariko coefficient zabo zo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe ziri hejuru gato ugereranije na quartz (kugeza 8-12 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃), kandi imiterere yabyo irashobora guhinduka gake bitewe na okiside yubutare bwamabuye y'agaciro.
Ibiranga imiterere: Ahanini byakozwe mubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’ibidukikije (nko gukonjesha byihuse kwa magma yimbitse), hamwe nuduce duto duto twa kristaline hamwe n’itandukaniro rikomeye muburyo bwubucucike. Granite yijimye (nka Jinan Green) ifite imiterere imwe kandi itajegajega kubera ibikorwa bya magmatique no kurekura byuzuye imihangayiko y'imbere.
Porogaramu zisanzwe: Ibikoresho bikoresha imashini ziremereye, imashini nini yo gupima imashini (CMM), zikeneye kwihanganira imitwaro myinshi no kurwanya ingaruka.
Ii. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekana umutekano muke mu nganda
Hatitawe ku ibara, ibisabwa byibanze kuri granite mubikoresho byuzuye byinganda birimo:
Ubushyuhe bukabije
Shyira imbere guhitamo ubwoko bufite coefficient nkeya yo kwagura ubushyuhe (<8 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃) kugirango wirinde gutandukana neza nibikoresho biterwa nihindagurika ryubushyuhe. Granite ifite ibara ryoroshye (nka sesame yera) ifite ubushyuhe bwiza bwubushyuhe bitewe nibirimo byinshi bya quartz.
Kwiyubaka
Granite ifite ububobere buri munsi ya 0.5% hamwe nigipimo cyo gufata amazi kiri munsi ya 0.1% ntabwo gikunda kwanduza ubushuhe cyangwa umwanda kandi ntibishobora guhinduka mugihe kirekire. Byombi Jinan Green muri granite yijimye (ifite ubukana bwa 0.3%) na Shanxi Black muri granite yoroheje (hamwe na 0.2%) byujuje ibyangombwa byubucucike bukabije.
Imbaraga za mashini
Imbaraga zo guhonyora zirenze 150MPa kandi imbaraga zihindagurika zirenze 12MPa, bigatuma umutekano uramba wo gutwara ibikoresho byuzuye. Granite yijimye (nkumukara wumuhinde) mubusanzwe ifite imbaraga zubukanishi bitewe nubutare bwamabuye ya fer na magnesium kandi birakwiriye ibintu biremereye.
Kurwanya ruswa
Quartz na feldspar bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya aside na alkali. Kubwibyo, granite ifite ibara ryoroshye (nka sesame gray) irakwiriye cyane kubidukikije byangirika mubikorwa bya chimique na semiconductor.
Iii. Amahitamo yingenzi hamwe nimanza murwego rwinganda
Granite ifite ibara ryoroshye: Guhitamo guhitamo ibintu bisobanutse neza
Ubwoko buhagarariye:
Sesame Yera: Yakozwe muri Fujian, ni ibara ryijimye ryijimye, hamwe na quartz irenga 70%. Coefficient yayo yo kwagura ubushyuhe ni 6 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃. Ikoreshwa muri semiconductor lithography imashini yububiko hamwe nibikoresho byo kugenzura ikirere.
Jinan Icyatsi: Icyatsi cyijimye, imiterere imwe, imbaraga zo gukomeretsa 240MPa, akenshi ikoreshwa kubishingiro byimashini zipima (CMM).
Ibyiza: Guhuza ibara ryiza, koroshya inzira ya optique yo guhitamo ibikoresho bya optique; Ifite ihindagurika rito kandi rikwiranye na nanometero-urwego rusabwa neza.
Granite yijimye: Bikunzwe kubintu biremereye kandi birwanya ingaruka
Ubwoko buhagarariye:
Umukara wa Galaxy: Umukara mu ibara, urimo ilmenite, ufite ubucucike bwa 3.05g / cm³ n'imbaraga zo kwikuramo 280MPa. Ikoreshwa mubikorwa byimashini ziremereye ziyobora gari ya moshi hamwe nibikoresho byo gukora imodoka.
Umukara wa Mongoliya: Icyatsi kibisi, cyane cyane amphibole, hamwe n’ingaruka zikomeye, zikoreshwa mu bikoresho by’ubucukuzi.
Ibyiza: Ubucucike bukabije, gukomera gukomeye, bushobora gukurura imashini ihindagurika, ikwiranye ninganda ziremereye cyane.
Bane. Umwanzuro: Ibara ntabwo aricyo kintu kigena; imikorere niyo shingiro
Ibara ≠ ituze: Byombi bifite ibara ryumucyo na granite yijimye bifite ubwoko butajegajega. Urufunguzo ruri mu kweza kwamabuye y'agaciro, uburinganire bwimiterere, nibipimo bifatika.
Ihame ryo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere:
Ibikoresho bya optique / ibikoresho bya elegitoronike: Hitamo ubwoko bwamabara yumucyo afite ibintu byinshi bya quartz (nka sesame yera), ushimangira ituze ryumuriro nubuso bwuzuye.
Imashini ziremereye / ibikoresho byimashini zinganda: Hitamo ubwoko bwamabuye yijimye, ibyuma bya magnesium byuma byinshi (nkubururu bwa Jinan), ushimangira imbaraga zumukanishi no kurwanya ingaruka.
Icyifuzo cyo kugura: Kugenzura ibipimo nka coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe, igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi, nimbaraga zo kwikuramo binyuze muri raporo y'ibizamini (nka GB / T 18601-2020 "Icyapa cya Granite cyubatswe"), aho guca urubanza ukoresheje ibara gusa.
Mugusoza, murwego rwinganda, guhitamo granite ishyira imbere imikorere kandi byuzuzwa nibara. Isuzuma ryuzuye rigomba gukorwa rifatanije nibikoresho byihariye bisabwa hamwe nibidukikije bikoreshwa.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Gicurasi-19-2025