Uburyo bwo kohereza amasahani manini ya granite mu mahanga mu mutekano - Ubuyobozi ku baguzi mpuzamahanga

Ku bijyanye no kugura amasahani manini y’ubuso bwa granite kugira ngo hakorwe neza, ni ngombwa cyane kwemeza ko igera ahantu mpuzamahanga mu mutekano. Granite ni ibikoresho biremereye kandi binini, kandi kohereza ibice binini bya granite bisaba igenamigambi ryitondewe, uburyo bwiza bwo gupakira, no kubahiriza amabwiriza ya gasutamo kugira ngo hirindwe gutinda no kwangirika.

Waba utumiza amasahani ya granite yihariye yo gukoreshwa muri laboratwari z'ibipimo, mu nganda zikora, cyangwa mu buhanga mu by'indege, iyi nyandiko itanga intambwe z'ingenzi zo kohereza mu mutekanoibisate by'ubuso bya graniteku mipaka mpuzamahanga. Reka turebere hamwe uburyo bwiza bwo gupakira, ubwishingizi, inyandiko za gasutamo, no guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gutanga ibikoresho byawe by'agaciro gakomeye.

Akamaro ko kohereza plaque za granite mu buryo bwizewe

Amasahani yo hejuru ya granite ni ingenzi cyane mu mirimo yo kugenzura, kugenzura no gupima mu nzego nko mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, mu by’indege, no mu nganda z’imodoka. Bitewe n’uburemere bwazo n’ubudakomeye bwazo, amasahani yo hejuru akeneye uburyo bukomeye bwo kohereza kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika mu gihe cyo gutwara. Kugira ngo kohereza neza, ibintu bikurikira ni ingenzi:

• Gupfunyika neza kugira ngo birinde ingaruka n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere

• Uburyo bwizewe bwo kohereza no gucunga ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago

• Ubwishingizi bukwiye ku bintu bifite agaciro kanini

• Kosora inyandiko za gasutamo kugira ngo hirindwe gutinda

Mu gukurikiza amabwiriza meza, abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho byabo byo gupima n'imashini za granite bihagera neza kandi neza.

1. Uburyo bwo gupakira mu kohereza hanze imashini za Granite

Uburyo bwo gupakira ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kwirinda iyo wohereje amasafuriya manini y’ubuso bwa granite. Amasafuriya agomba kurinda granite kwangirika, ubushuhe, no kugenda mu gihe cyo kuyitwara, kugira ngo ibikoresho bitangirika.

Ku bice binini bya granite nk'imashini zishinzeho imashini n'ibipande byo hejuru, igishushanyo mbonera cy'isanduku y'ibiti ni cyo gikunze gukoreshwa. Dore intambwe ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe upakira ibipande byawe bya granite:

• Gupfuka: Koresha ifuro cyangwa agapfunyika k'udupira hagati y'ubuso bwa granite n'inkuta z'agapfunyika kugira ngo wimure ibintu bihindagurika. Ushobora kandi gushyiramo udupfunyika twometseho kugira ngo ugabanye urujya n'uruza rw'agapfunyika.

• Ibikoresho by'isanduku: Isanduku y'ibiti igomba kuba ikozwe mu mbaho ​​nziza kandi ziramba zishobora kwihanganira uburemere bwa granite. Ni ngombwa gukomeza impande n'inkombe z'isanduku kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza.

• Gutembagara mu Kunyeganyega: Granite irakomeye iyo hari ibintu binyeganyega mu gihe cyo kuyitwara, ibyo bikaba byatera imiturire cyangwa uduce duto. Tekereza gukoresha ibikoresho binyeganyega mu kumenagura mu gisanduku, nk'udupira twa rubber cyangwa ibikoresho bidashyuha, kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu bigenda cyane.

• Gukingira amazi: Menya neza ko agasanduku gafunze neza kugira ngo wirinde guhura n'ubushuhe mu gihe cyo kunyuramo. Gukoresha ibikoresho bidashobora amazi, cyangwa se agapira ka pulasitiki, bizafasha kurinda granite ubushuhe cyangwa amazi ku buryo butunguranye.

Ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga, buri gihe menya neza ko igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikaravati gihuye n'ibyoamahame mpuzamahanga y'ubwikorezi, harimo n'amahame ya ISPM 15 agenga gupakira ibintu mu mbaho, asabwa mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu byinshi.

2. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amasanduku y'ibiti yo kohereza amasahani yo hejuru ya granite

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikigega cy'ibiti ni ingenzi cyane mu kohereza ibice binini kandi biremereye bya granite. Ikigega cyakozwe neza kigomba kurinda granite gutungurwa n'ibintu bifatika, ubushuhe, ndetse n'ibyangirika bishobora guterwa no kuyitwara cyangwa kuyitwara.

• Uburinzi bw'ibice bibiri: Agasanduku kagomba kuba kagizwe n'ibice bibiri: urufatiro rw'imbere rufata granite neza n'urwego rw'inyuma kugira ngo rushobore kwangiza ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyo hanze. Uruhande rw'inyuma rugomba kandi kugira inguni zikomeye kugira ngo hirindwe gufatwa nabi.

• Gushyiramo umusego w'imbere: Shyiramo umusego w'imbere mu gisanduku kugira ngo wirinde ko icyuma cya granite kigera ku mpande z'agasanduku. Uku gukingira umusego bizagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika mu gihe cyo kohereza.

• Guhambira no Gufata: Granite igomba gushyirwa neza imbere mu gisanduku hakoreshejwe imigozi ikomeye. Imigozi izafata igice cyo hejuru mu mwanya wacyo, ikarinda ikintu cyose gishobora gutuma hacikamo ibice.

Iyo ugenzuye neza ko isanduku yawe y'ibiti yakozwe neza, ugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika mu gihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.

3. Inyandiko za gasutamo ku bikoresho bya Granite Metrology

Kohereza ibikoresho bya granite mu mahanga bisaba inyandiko zikwiye kugira ngo bihuzwe n'amategeko mpuzamahanga y'ubucuruzi. Kugira ngo hirindwe gutinda cyangwa ibibazo bya gasutamo, abaguzi mpuzamahanga bagomba gutegura ibi bikurikira:

• Inyemezabwishyu y'ubucuruzi: Iyi nyandiko igomba kuba ikubiyemo ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa, agaciro, n'igihugu byaturutsemo. Ni ingenzi mu kugena imisoro n'amahoro bikwiye.

• Urutonde rw'ibipaki: Urutonde rurambuye rw'ibipaki rufasha abakozi ba gasutamo gusobanukirwa ibiri mu bipaki, harimo ingano, uburemere, n'ingano y'amasahani ya granite yoherezwa.

• Icyemezo cy'aho ibintu bikomoka: Iki cyemezo cyemeza aho granite yaturutse kandi kigafasha kumenya niba hari amasezerano y'ubucuruzi cyangwa ibyoherezwa bireba.

• Uruhushya rwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga: Bitewe n'igihugu ugiye kujyamo, ushobora gukenera uruhushya rwo kohereza ibikoresho mu mahanga ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ibikoresho. Uru ruhushya rugenzura ko amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga ibyoherezwa mu mahanga yubahirizwa.

• Impushya zo kwinjiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga: Niba bikenewe, ushobora no gukenera kubona impushya zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahangaibice bya granite bifite ubwiza bwo hejurucyane cyane iyo binjira mu bihugu bifite amategeko akaze agenga ibicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu, nka Amerika, Ubudage, cyangwa Ubuyapani.

Mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa, gisha inama umuhuzabikorwa wa gasutamo cyangwa impuguke mu by’ubwikorezi kugira ngo urebe neza ko inyandiko zose zikenewe zuzuzwa neza kandi zigatangwa kugira ngo hirindwe gutinda koherezwa.

4. Ubwishingizi bw'ibice bya Granite by'agaciro gakomeye

Amasahani yo hejuru ya granite naimashini za granite zikozwe mu buryo bwihariyeni ibintu bifite agaciro gakomeye bisaba ubwishingizi bukwiye kugira ngo birinde kwangirika cyangwa igihombo bishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu. Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bikubiyemo ingaruka zitandukanye, nko kwibwa, kutubahiriza amategeko, cyangwa ibiza, bigatuma ubwishingizi buba igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikorwa byo kohereza ibicuruzwa.

Mu gihe uguze ubwishingizi, menya neza ko bufite agaciro kose ko gusimbuza icyuma cya granite n'ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano nacyo. Politiki y'ubwishingizi igomba kandi kuba irimo ubwishingizi ku byangiritse mu gihe cyo gutwara, gutwara no gupakurura aho ugiye. Amasosiyete amwe atanga ubwishingizi bwihariye ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bityo rero menya neza ko ubaza uburyo bwo ubwishingizi bwihariye.

5. Igihe cyo kohereza amasahani ya Granite yihariye mu Budage/Amerika/Ubuyapani

Igihe cyo kohereza amasahani ya granite yihariye gitandukana bitewe n'aho yaturutse n'aho ijya. Dore igihe gisanzwe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga azwi cyane:

• Amerika: Kohereza amasahani ya granite yihariye ava mu Bushinwa cyangwa i Burayi muri Amerika akenshi bifata hagati y'ibyumweru 3-6, bitewe n'uburyo bwo kohereza (ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere buranyaruka, ariko buhenze cyane, mu gihe ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi budatinda ariko buhendutse cyane).

• Ubudage: Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu Budage bivuye mu bindi bihugu by'i Burayi bishobora gufata icyumweru 1-2, mu gihe ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bishobora gufata ibyumweru 3-5 bitewe na gasutamo n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa.

• Ubuyapani: Ku byoherezwa mu Buyapani, igihe cyo kohereza kiri hagati y'ibyumweru 3-4 binyuze mu bwato cyangwa icyumweru 1-2 binyuze mu ndege. Kimwe n'ibindi bihugu, uburyo bwo kohereza buzagira ingaruka ku muvuduko wo kohereza.

Wibuke ko igihe nyacyo cyo kohereza gishobora guterwa n'ibintu nko kwemererwa ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo, uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa, n'ikirere.

Umwanzuro

Koherezaibisate binini byo hejuru bya graniteMu mahanga bisaba igenamigambi ryitondewe no kwita ku bintu birambuye. Waba uguze plaque za granite zigenewe gupima neza, imashini za CMM, cyangwa ameza yo kugenzura, gufata ingamba zikenewe kugira ngo urebe neza ko upakiye neza, ubwishingizi, inyandiko za gasutamo, n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'amasanduku bizagufasha kwakira ibikoresho byawe mu mutekano kandi ku gihe.

Bakurikije intambwe zavuzwe muri iyi nyandiko, abaguzi mpuzamahanga bashobora gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza kandi bakareba neza koibice bya granite bitunganyegera mu buryo butunganye. Niba ukeneye ubufasha mu bijyanye n'ubwikorezi bw'ibicuruzwa, twandikire kugira ngo tuguhe ubuyobozi bw'inzobere mu bijyanye no gupakira, kwandika no gutwara ibintu.