Mwisi yisi yubukorikori bwuzuye, aho urwego rwa nanometero rushobora gukora cyangwa kumena ibicuruzwa, uburinganire bwibibuga byipimisha bihagaze nkishingiro rikomeye ryibipimo byizewe. Muri ZHHIMG, tumaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo tunonosora ubuhanzi na siyanse yo gutunganya ibice bya granite, duhuza ubukorikori gakondo n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo bitange ubuso bukoreshwa cyane mu nganda ziva mu nganda ziciriritse kugeza mu kirere. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya inguni, ibuye rikomeza imfuruka yuburyo bwiza bwo kwizerwa, ryerekana isonga ryibi bikorwa - guhuza imibare nubumenyi-ngiro-buhanga kugirango tumenye neza uburyo butambuka imipaka yikoranabuhanga ryo gupima.
Siyanse Yihishe inyuma yo Kugenzura
Ikibanza cyo gupima Granite, bakunze kwibeshya nka "marble" urubuga muri jargon yinganda, zakozwe mububiko bwa granite bwatoranijwe bwatoranijwe kubwimiterere idasanzwe ya kristaline hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Bitandukanye nubutaka bwibyuma bishobora kwerekana ihindagurika rya plastike mukibazo, granite yacu ya ZHHIMG®-ifite ubucucike bwa kg 3100 / m³ - ikomeza ubusugire bwayo ndetse no mubidukikije bikabije. Iyi nyungu karemano niyo shingiro ryibisobanuro byacu, ariko ubunyangamugayo nyabwo busaba kugenzurwa gukomeye binyuze muburyo nkubuhanga butandukanye.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya bukora ku ihame ryoroshye ryibeshya: mugupima inguni ihindagurika hagati yingingo zegeranye ku buso, turashobora kubara imibare yubaka imiterere yacyo hamwe nibisobanuro bidasanzwe. Abatekinisiye bacu batangira bashyira icyapa kiraro cyuzuye gifite inclinometero zoroshye hejuru ya granite. Kwimuka kuri gahunda muburyo bwinyenyeri cyangwa grid ishusho, bandika gutandukana kumurongo mugihe cyagenwe, bakora ikarita irambuye yikibuga cya Microscopique. Ibipimo by'imfuruka noneho bihindurwamo gutandukana kumurongo ukoresheje ibarwa ya trigonometric, ugaragaza itandukaniro ryimiterere ikunze kugwa munsi yumuraba wumucyo ugaragara.
Igituma ubu buryo bukomera cyane nubushobozi bwabwo bwo gukora imiyoboro minini-imwe irenga metero 20 z'uburebure - hamwe nukuri. Mugihe ubuso buto bushobora gushingira kubikoresho byo gupima nka laser interferometero, uburyo bwo gutandukanya inguni buruta ubundi gufata gufata ibintu byoroshye bishobora kugaragara murwego rwagutse rwa granite. Wang Jian, inzobere mu bumenyi bw'ikirere ufite uburambe mu myaka irenga 35, yibuka ati: “Twigeze kumenya gutandukana 0.002mm hejuru ya metero 4 zaba zitaramenyekana hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe.” Ati: "Urwo rwego rusobanutse neza mugihe wubaka ibikoresho byo kugenzura igice cya semiconductor gipima ibiranga nanoscale."
Kuzuza impande zinyuranye nuburyo bwa autocollimator tekinike, ikoresha guhuza optique kugirango igere kubisubizo bisa. Mugaragaza urumuri rwegeranye rwindorerwamo zuzuye zashyizwe kumuraro ugenda, abatekinisiye bacu barashobora kumenya impinduka zinguni zingana na arcseconds 0.1 - bihwanye no gupima ubugari bwimisatsi yumuntu kuva kuri kilometero 2. Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura bubiri bwerekana ko buri platform ya ZHHIMG yujuje cyangwa irenze ibipimo mpuzamahanga, harimo DIN 876 na ASME B89.3.7, igaha abakiriya bacu ikizere cyo gukoresha isura yacu nkibisobanuro byanyuma mubikorwa byabo byo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Ubukorikori Bwuzuye: Kuva muri Quarry kugeza kuri Quantum
Urugendo ruva kuri granite mbisi rugana kuri platifomu yemewe ni gihamya yubukwe bwuzuye bwibidukikije hamwe nubuhanga bwabantu. Ibikorwa byacu bitangirana no gutoranya ibikoresho, aho abahanga mu bumenyi bwa geologiya batoragura amabuye ya kariyeri kabuhariwe mu Ntara ya Shandong, azwiho gukora granite ifite uburinganire budasanzwe. Buri gice gikorerwa ibizamini bya ultrasonic kugirango hamenyekane ibice byihishe, kandi abafite ibice bitarenze bitatu bya micro-crack kuri metero kibe ni bo batangira gukora - igipimo kirenze kure amahame yinganda.
Mu kigo cyacu kigezweho hafi ya Jinan, utwo duce twahinduwe binyuze muburyo bukurikiranwa ninganda. Imashini igenzura mudasobwa (CNC) yabanje gukata granite kugeza kuri 0.5mm yubunini bwa nyuma, ukoresheje ibikoresho bya diyama bigomba gusimburwa buri masaha 8 kugirango bikomeze neza. Iyi shusho yambere iboneka mubyumba byubushyuhe bwubushyuhe aho ibidukikije bigenda bihoraho kuri 20 ° C ± 0.5 ° C, bikabuza kwaguka kwubushyuhe kutagira ingaruka kubipimo.
Ubuhanzi nyabwo bugaragara mubyiciro byanyuma byo gusya, aho abanyabukorikori kabuhariwe bakoresha tekinike yagiye ikurikirana. Gukorana nogukoresha ibyuma bya okiside byahagaritswe mumazi, aba banyabukorikori bamara amasaha agera kuri 120 barangiza intoki buri metero kare yubuso, bakoresheje uburyo bwabo bwo gukorakora kugirango bamenye gutandukana nka microni 2. Liu Wei, urusyo rwo mu gisekuru cya gatatu rwafashije gukora urubuga rwa Laboratwari ya NASA ya NASA asobanura agira ati: “Ninkaho kugerageza kumva itandukaniro riri hagati yimpapuro ebyiri zegeranye hamwe na eshatu.” “Nyuma yimyaka 25, intoki zawe zikura kwibuka kugirango zitunganwe.”
Ubu buryo bw'intoki ntabwo ari gakondo gusa - ni ngombwa kugirango tugere ku ntera ya nanometero isabwa n'abakiriya bacu. Ndetse hamwe na gride ya CNC yateye imbere, ubwitonzi bwimiterere ya granite ya kristaline itera impinga ya microscopique nimpande nibitekerezo byabantu gusa bishobora guhora bigenda neza. Abanyabukorikori bacu bakora ari babiri, basimburana hagati yo gusya no gupima amasomo bakoresheje Ubudage Mahr Iminota ibihumbi icumi (0,5 mm) hamwe nu rwego rwa elegitoronike WYLER yo mu Busuwisi, bareba ko nta gace karenze kwihanganira uburinganire bwa 3μm / m ku mbuga zisanzwe na 1μm / m kugira ngo babone amanota meza.
Kurenga Ubuso: Kugenzura Ibidukikije no Kuramba
Ikibanza cyiza cya granite cyizewe gusa nkibidukikije ikoreramo. Tumaze kubimenya, twateje imbere ibyo twizera ko ari rimwe mu nganda zateye imbere mu bucuruzi bw’ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe (amahugurwa agenzurwa n’ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe), akagira metero zirenga 10,000 m² ku kigo cyacu gikuru. Ibi byumba bigaragaramo metero 1 z'ubugari bwa ultra-hard beto hasi yitaruye na 500mm z'ubugari bwa Anti-seisimike (imiyoboro ya vibration-dampening) kandi ikoresha crane yo hejuru ituje igabanya ihungabana ry’ibidukikije - ibintu bikomeye mugihe upima gutandukana gutandukanye na virusi.
Ibipimo by’ibidukikije hano nta kintu na kimwe kigufi gikabije: ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe rigarukira kuri ± 0.1 ° C ku masaha 24, ubuhehere bufatwa kuri 50% ± 2%, hamwe n’imibare y’ikirere ikomeza kugereranywa na ISO 5 (munsi ya 3,520 ibice bya 0.5μm cyangwa binini kuri metero kibe). Ibihe nkibi ntabwo byerekana gusa ibipimo nyabyo mugihe cyo kubyara umusaruro ahubwo binigana ibidukikije bigenzurwa aho amaherezo yacu azakoreshwa. Inzobere mu bijyanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije Zhang Li yagize ati: "Turagerageza buri platform mu bihe bikarishye kuruta ibyo abakiriya benshi bazahura nabyo." Ati: "Niba urubuga rugumanye umutekano hano, ruzakora ahantu hose ku isi."
Iyi mihigo yo kugenzura ibidukikije igera no muburyo bwo gupakira no kohereza. Buri kibanza gipfunyitse muri 1cm z'ubugari bwa pompe hanyuma kigashyirwa mubisanduku byabigenewe byabugenewe byashyizwemo ibikoresho byo kunyeganyega, hanyuma bigatwarwa nabatwara kabuhariwe bafite ibikoresho byo guhagarika ikirere. Ndetse dukurikirana ihungabana nubushyuhe mugihe cyo gutambuka dukoresheje sensor ya IoT, tugaha abakiriya amateka yuzuye yibidukikije kubicuruzwa byabo mbere yuko biva mubigo byacu.
Ibisubizo byubu buryo bwitondewe nigicuruzwa gifite ubuzima budasanzwe bwa serivisi. Mugihe impuzandengo yinganda yerekana urubuga rwa granite rushobora gukenera kwisubiramo nyuma yimyaka 5-7, abakiriya bacu mubisanzwe bavuga imikorere ihamye mumyaka 15 cyangwa irenga. Uku kuramba ntigukomoka gusa kuri granite ihamye gusa ahubwo no mubikorwa byacu byo kugabanya imihangayiko, bikubiyemo gusaza bisanzwe bibisi byibuze amezi 24 mbere yo kubikora. Umuyobozi ushinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge Chen Tao yibuka ati: “Twagize umukiriya gusubiza urubuga rwo kugenzura nyuma yimyaka 12.” "Uburinganire bwacyo bwari bwarahindutse kuri 0.8 mm gusa - mu buryo bwo kwihanganira ubwambere. Iri ni ryo tandukaniro rya ZHHIMG."
Gushiraho Ibipimo: Impamyabumenyi no kumenyekana kwisi yose
Mu nganda aho ibisabwa byuzuye, kwemeza byigenga bivuga byinshi. ZHHIMG yishimiye kuba uruganda rukumbi mu murenge wacu rufite icyarimwe ISO 9001, ISO 45001, na ISO 14001, itandukaniro ryerekana ko twiyemeje kubahiriza ubuziranenge, umutekano ku kazi, ndetse n’ibidukikije. Ibikoresho byacu byo gupima, harimo ibikoresho by’Abadage Mahr n’ibikoresho by’Ubuyapani Mitutoyo, bigenda bisuzumwa buri mwaka n’ikigo cy’intara cya Shandong Metrology, hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu bikomeza binyuze mu igenzura risanzwe.
Izi mpamyabumenyi zafunguye amarembo yubufatanye na amwe mumashyirahamwe asaba isi cyane. Kuva gutanga ibikoresho bya granite kumashini ya Samsung ya semiconductor ya lithographie kugeza gutanga ibisobanuro bifatika kubudage bwa Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), ibice byacu bigira uruhare rutuje ariko rukomeye mugutezimbere ikoranabuhanga ryisi. Umuyobozi ushinzwe kugurisha mpuzamahanga, Michael Zhang agira ati: "Igihe Apple yatwegeraga kugira ngo tumenye neza ibikoresho bya AR byo gutegera, ntibashakaga gusa uwabitanze - bifuzaga umufatanyabikorwa ushobora kumva ibibazo byabo byo gupima bidasanzwe". Ati: "Ubushobozi bwacu bwo kwihitiramo urubuga ndetse no kugenzura byagize icyo bihindura."
Ahari ibisobanuro byinshi nukumenyekana mubigo byamasomo kumwanya wambere mubushakashatsi bwa metrologiya. Ubufatanye na kaminuza nkuru ya Singapore na kaminuza ya Stockholm ya Suwede byadufashije kunonosora uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya impande zombi, mu gihe imishinga ihuriweho na kaminuza ya Zhejiang yo mu Bushinwa ikomeje gushimangira imipaka y'ibipimo. Ubu bufatanye bwemeza ko tekiniki zacu zigenda zitera imbere hamwe nikoranabuhanga rigenda rigaragara, kuva kuri comptabilite kugeza kubisekuruza bizaza.
Mugihe turebye ahazaza, amahame ashingiye kuburyo butandukanye burakomeza kuba ingirakamaro nkuko bisanzwe. Mubihe byo kongera automatike, twabonye ko ibipimo byizewe bikigaragara biturutse kumahuriro yubuhanga buhanitse hamwe nubuhanga bwabantu. Databuja usya, hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo "kumva" microne yo gutandukana, akorana na sisitemu yo gusesengura amakuru ikoreshwa na AI itunganya ingingo ibihumbi n'ibipimo mumasegonda. Iyi mikoranire - ishaje nishya, abantu na mashini - isobanura uburyo bwacu bwo kumenya neza.
Kuri ba injeniyeri ninzobere nziza bashinzwe kugenzura niba ibicuruzwa byabo ari ukuri, guhitamo urubuga rwo gupima ni ishingiro. Ntabwo ari uguhuza gusa ibisobanuro ahubwo ni ugushiraho ingingo bashobora kwizera byimazeyo. Kuri ZHHIMG, ntabwo twubaka gusa urubuga rwa granite-twubaka icyizere. Kandi mwisi aho igipimo gito gishobora kugira ingaruka nini, icyo cyizere nikintu cyose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2025