Ni gute urubuga rwa granite optique rushobora kugera ku butuje bwa angular bwa 0.01μrad?

Mu rwego rw'igerageza ry'amatara rigezweho n'inganda zigezweho, guhagarara kw'inguni ku rwego rwa 0.01μrad ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi. Imbuga za granite optique, zifite imiterere yazo y'ibikoresho n'ubufatanye bw'ikoranabuhanga, zabaye ingenzi mu kugera ku buziranenge buhanitse cyane.

Ibyiza by'ibikoresho bishyiraho urufatiro ruhamye. Granite, nk'ibuye ry'umucanga ryakozwe n'ubumenyi bw'isi mu myaka amagana na miliyoni, izwiho kwaguka kwayo gake cyane k'ubushyuhe, ari na kimwe cya kabiri cy'icyuma n'igice cya kane cy'aluminium. Iyo ubushyuhe buhindutseho 1℃, igice cya granite gifite uburebure bwa metero 1 cyongeraho mikorometero 6 gusa, mu gihe igice cya aluminiyumu cyongeraho mikorometero 23. Ibi birinda kugabanuka kw'inguni guterwa no guhinduka k'ubushyuhe. Hagati aho, imikorere yayo myiza yo kugabanya ubushyuhe ishobora kugabanya vuba imitingito yo hanze, bigatuma urubuga ruguma mu buryo butaziguye kandi ikagabanya ingaruka mbi ku bice by'urumuri.

Imiterere nyayo y'inyubako yongera ubukana. Urubuga rwa granite optique, nyuma yo gushushanya neza imiterere ya mekanike, rwongereye ubukana ku buryo bugaragara kandi rushobora kurwanya ubukana bw'umutwaro. Ubuziranenge bwo gutunganya ubuso bwarwo bugera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu nganda. Dufashe urugero rw'ubukana bwa 00-level buhuye n'ibipimo bya GB4987-85, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubukana ni 2×(1 + d/1000)μm gusa (d ni uburebure bwa diagonal), butanga ikigereranyo cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho bya optique gihamye cyane.

Gupima ibintu mu buryo budasanzwe bigerwaho binyuze mu bufatanye bw'ikoranabuhanga. Iyo ifite sisitemu zo gutandukanya ibintu mu buryo bugezweho nka za sosi z'umwuka cyangwa levitation ya magnetic, urubuga rwa granite rushobora gutandukanya ibintu bihindagurika mu buryo buciriritse n'ibihindagurika mu buryo buhanitse. Hiyongereyeho ibikoresho byo gupima ibintu mu buryo buhanitse nka interferometer za laser, impinduka z'inguni zigenzurwa mu gihe nyacyo. Iyo ihinduka rirenze urugero rwa 0.01μrad, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibitekerezo ihita iyobora uburyo bwo gukosora kugira ngo urubuga ruhore ruri mu buryo buhanitse kandi buhamye.

Kuva ku ishingiro ry'ibikoresho kugeza ku kongera imbaraga mu ikoranabuhanga, urubuga rwa granite optique, rufite ubushobozi bwo gushyuha, kurwanya guhindagurika kw'ingufu no gutunganya neza nk'inkingi yarwo, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura neza, rwanyuze mu rugero rwa 0.01μrad kandi rukoreshwa cyane mu nzego zigezweho nko gufotora, kureba inyenyeri no gupima laser, guteza imbere ubushakashatsi no gukora optique nziza cyane kugeza ku burebure bushya.