Mu rwego rwo gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, gukora neza ni ikintu cyose. Uko ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibikoresho bya chip rikomeza gutera imbere rigana ku rwego rwa nanometer ndetse no ku rwego rwa nanometer, ikosa rito rishobora gutuma imikorere ya chip igabanuka cyangwa ikanananirwa burundu. Muri iri rushanwa ryo gukora neza cyane, ibikoresho bya granite, bifite imiterere yihariye n'imiterere yabyo, byabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kwemeza ko gukora ibikoresho bya chip bikozwe neza cyane.
Ubudahangarwa budasanzwe bushyiraho urufatiro rwo gukora neza
Ibidukikije mu icungamutungo rikorerwamo ibikoresho bya semiconductor biragoye, kandi ibintu byo hanze nko guhindagura no guhinduka kw'ubushyuhe bihora bibangamira uburyo ibintu bikorerwamo. Ibikoresho by'ubuziranenge bwa granite bifite ubuziranenge bukabije, bitanga urufatiro rukomeye rwo gukora chips. Imiterere yayo y'imbere ni minini kandi isa, ikorwa binyuze mu mikorere ya geologi mu myaka amagana na miliyoni, kandi ifite imiterere isanzwe yo kwihisha cyane. Iyo guhindagura guturutse hanze byoherejwe mu bikoresho bikorerwamo, ibice by'ubuziranenge bwa granite bishobora gufata no kugabanya ingufu zirenga 80% by'ingufu zikoreshwa mu guhindagura, bigagabanya cyane ingaruka z'imihindagurikire ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu guhindagura.
Iyi miterere ni ingenzi cyane mu gikorwa cyo gufotora. Gufotora ni intambwe ikomeye mu kwimura imiterere y'udupira ku dupira twa silikoni, bisaba ko imbonerahamwe y'imikorere y'imashini ifotora kugira ngo igumane ubusugire bukabije. Intebe y'akazi yo mu bwoko bwa granite irashobora gutandukanya ingaruka z'imitingito n'ibindi bikoresho, bigatuma ikosa riri hagati ya silikoni na maske yo gufotora rigenzurwa ku rugero rwa nanometer mu gihe cyo kwerekana imashini ifotora, bityo bigatuma icyitegererezo gihinduka neza.
Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe bwa granite kiba kiri hasi cyane, akenshi kiri hagati ya 5 na 7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Mu gihe cyo gukora semiconductor, ubushyuhe buturuka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho ndetse n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe mu bidukikije bishobora gutera impinduka mu bushyuhe bw'ibikoresho. Ibikoresho by'ubuziranenge bwa granite ntibigira ingaruka ku mpinduka z'ubushyuhe kandi bishobora kugumana ingano n'imiterere ihamye. Urugero, mu gikorwa cyo gukata chip, ndetse n'impinduka nto mu bushyuhe zishobora gutuma ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe byaguka, bigatera ihindagurika mu burebure no mu buryo bunoze bwo gukata. Ariko, gukoresha ibikoresho by'ubuziranenge bwa granite nk'ibishyigikizo n'ibice bitwara imizigo bishobora gukumira iki kibazo, bikagaragaza ko uburyo bwo gukata buhorana ubuziranenge kandi buhamye.
Uburyo bwo gutunganya neza no kunoza ubuziranenge bw'ubuso
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya neza ibice bya granite naryo ni ingenzi mu kwemeza ko ibice bikozwe neza. Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutunganya neza cyane, ubugari bw'ubuso, ubugororangingo n'ibindi bimenyetso by'ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho bya granite bishobora kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane. Urugero, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusya no gusiga irangi bwa CNC, ubugari bw'ubuso bwa granite bushobora kugabanuka bukagera ku rwego rwa nanometero, bigatuma ubuso burangira neza nk'indorerwamo.
Mu bikoresho bikorerwamo utumashini duto, ubwiza bw’ubuso buhanitse bw’ibice nka granite precision guide rails na sliders bishobora kugabanya cyane kwangirika no kwangirika hagati y’ibice bigenda. Ibi ntibituma ibikoresho biguma neza kandi neza, ahubwo binatuma igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho kiramba. Urugero, fata ibikoresho bito bito. Imirongo iyobora granite neza ishobora kwemeza ko amakosa y’inzira y’umutwe w’udushumi mu gihe cyo gutoragura no gushyiramo utumashini agenzurwa ku rwego rwa mikorometero cyangwa nanometero, bityo bigatuma habaho guhuza neza no guhuza neza hagati ya chip n’igice cyo gupfunyika.
Irinda kwangirika no kudahungabana igihe kirekire
Gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor ni igikorwa gihoraho kandi kirekire, kandi ibikoresho bigomba gukora neza igihe kirekire. Granite ifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza, ifite ubukana bwa Mohs kuva kuri 6 kugeza kuri 7, ishobora kwihanganira ingendo n'imizigo bya mekanike igihe kirekire. Mu mikorere ya buri munsi y'ibikoresho byo gukora chips, ibice bya granite bifite ubuziranenge ntibikunda kwangirika kandi bishobora guhora bikomeza gukora neza no gukora neza.
Ugereranyije n'ibindi bikoresho, granite ntabwo ihura n'ihungabana cyangwa ngo igire ingaruka mbi ku mikorere yayo mu gihe kirekire. Ibi bivuze ko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukora chips hakoreshejwe ibice by'ubuziranenge bwa granite bishobora gukomeza gukora neza no kudahungabana nyuma y'igihe kirekire, bigabanura neza igipimo cy'ubusembwa bw'ibicuruzwa buterwa no kugabanuka k'ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho. Ku bakora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, ibi ntibyongera gusa umusaruro, ahubwo binagabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora.
Umwanzuro
Mu nzira yo gukurikirana ubuziranenge bwa nanoscale mu nganda zikora semiconductor, ibice by'ubuziranenge bwa granite bigira uruhare rudasimburwa kubera ubuziranenge bwabyo butangaje, gutunganya neza no kwizerwa igihe kirekire. Kuva kuri photolithography kugeza ku gushushanya, kuva ku gupakira chips kugeza ku igeragezwa, ibikoresho by'ubuziranenge bwa granite binyura muri buri sano ry'ingenzi mu gukora chips, bitanga icyizere gikomeye cyo gukora chips neza cyane. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor, ibisabwa kugira ngo ubuziranenge burusheho kwiyongera. Ibice by'ubuziranenge bwa granite nabyo bizakomeza kugira uruhare runini muri uru rwego, bifasha inganda zikora semiconductor guhora zigera ku ntera nshya. Byaba ubu cyangwa mu gihe kizaza, ibice by'ubuziranenge bwa granite bizahora ari byo bintu by'ingenzi bishimangira ubuziranenge bwa nanometer mu nganda zikora semiconductor.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2025