Imashini yuzuye ya CMM nuyobora

Imashini ya CMM ni iki?

Tekereza imashini ya CNC ishoboye gukora ibipimo nyabyo muburyo bwikora cyane.Nibyo Imashini za CMM zikora!

CMM isobanura “Guhuza Imashini yo gupima”.Birashoboka ko aribikoresho byanyuma byo gupima 3D ukurikije guhuza kwabo muri rusange guhinduka, kweri, n'umuvuduko.

Porogaramu yo Guhuza Imashini Zipima

Guhuza Imashini yo gupima ifite agaciro igihe icyo aricyo cyose ibipimo nyabyo bigomba gukorwa.Kandi uko bigoye cyangwa byinshi mubipimo, nibyiza ni ugukoresha CMM.

Mubisanzwe CMM ikoreshwa mugusuzuma no kugenzura ubuziranenge.Nukuvuga, bikoreshwa mukugenzura igice cyujuje ibyifuzo byabashushanyo.

Bashobora kandi kumenyerainjeniyeriibice bihari mugukora ibipimo nyabyo biranga.

Ninde wahimbye imashini za CMM?

Imashini ya mbere ya CMM yatunganijwe na Ferranti Company yo muri Scotland mu myaka ya za 1950.Byari bikenewe mu gupima neza ibice mu kirere no mu nganda.Imashini zambere cyane zari zifite amashoka 2 yimikorere.Imashini 3 axis yatangijwe mu myaka ya za 1960 na DEA yo mu Butaliyani.Igenzura rya mudasobwa ryaje mu ntangiriro ya za 1970, kandi ryatangijwe na Sheffield wo muri Amerika.

Ubwoko bwimashini za CMM

Hariho ubwoko butanu bwimashini yo gupima:

• Ubwoko bw'ikiraro CMM: Muri iki gishushanyo, gikunze kugaragara, umutwe wa CMM ugendera ku kiraro.Uruhande rumwe rw'ikiraro rugenda kuri gari ya moshi ku buriri, urundi rugashyigikirwa ku musego wo mu kirere cyangwa ubundi buryo ku buriri nta gari ya moshi iyobora.
• Cantilever CMM: Cantilever ishyigikira ikiraro kuruhande rumwe gusa.
• Gantry CMM: Gantry ikoresha gari ya moshi iyobora impande zombi, nka CNC Router.Mubisanzwe ni binini bya CMM, bityo bakeneye inkunga yinyongera.
• Horizontal Arm CMM: Shushanya kantileveri, ariko hamwe nikiraro cyose kizamuka hejuru no kumaboko imwe aho kuba kumurongo wacyo.Ibi ni bike cyane bya CMM, ariko birashobora gupima ubunini bunini bwari ibice nkimodoka.
• Ubwoko bwikiganza bwubwoko bwa CMM: Izi mashini zikoresha amaboko ahuriweho kandi mubisanzwe zashyizwe mumaboko.Aho gupima XYZ mu buryo butaziguye, babara imirongo ikomatanya uhereye kumuzingo wa buri rugingo hamwe n'uburebure buzwi hagati yingingo.

Buriwese afite ibyiza nibibi bitewe nubwoko bwibipimo bigomba gukorwa.Ubu bwoko bwerekana imiterere yimashini ikoreshwa muguhagararaipererezaugereranije nigice cyapimwe.

Hano hari imbonerahamwe yoroheje yo gufasha gusobanukirwa ibyiza n'ibibi:

Ibibazo mubisanzwe bishyirwa mubipimo 3 - X, Y, na Z. Ariko, imashini zinonosoye zirashobora kandi kwemerera inguni ya probe guhinduka bigatuma ibipimisho ahantu iperereza ridashobora kugera.Imbonerahamwe izunguruka irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutezimbere-ubushobozi bwibintu bitandukanye.

CMM ikunze kuba ikozwe muri granite na aluminium, kandi ikoresha ibyuma bifata ikirere

Iperereza ni sensor igena aho ubuso bwigice kiri mugihe hapimwe.

Ubwoko bwa probe burimo:

• Umukanishi
• Ibyiza
• Laser
• Itara ryera

Guhuza Imashini yo gupima ikoreshwa muburyo butatu rusange:

• Amashami agenzura ubuziranenge: Hano basanzwe babikwa mubyumba bisukuye bigenzurwa nikirere kugirango barusheho kumenya neza.
• Igorofa Igorofa: Hano CMM iri munsi yimashini za CNC kugirango byoroshe gukora ubugenzuzi nkigice cyinganda zikora ingendo ntoya hagati ya CMM na mashini aho ibice bikorerwa.Ibi bituma ibipimo bikorwa hakiri kare kandi birashoboka cyane biganisha ku kuzigama nkuko amakosa yamenyekanye vuba.
• Igendanwa: Portable ya CMM iroroshye kuzenguruka.Bashobora gukoreshwa kumagorofa yububiko cyangwa bakanajyana kurubuga kure yikigo gikora kugirango bapime ibice mumurima.

Imashini za CMM zuzuye neza (CMM Nukuri)?

Ukuri kwimashini zipima guhuza ziratandukanye.Mubisanzwe, bagamije micrometero neza cyangwa nziza.Ariko ntabwo byoroshye.Kubintu bimwe, haribibazo bishobora kuba imikorere yubunini, bityo ikosa ryo gupima CMM rishobora gutomorwa nka formula ngufi ikubiyemo uburebure bwibipimo nkibihinduka.

Kurugero, Hexagon's Global Classic CMM yashyizwe kumurongo nkibiciro byose bya CMM ihendutse, kandi igaragaza ukuri kwayo nka:

1.0 + L / 300um

Ibyo bipimo biri muri microne na L byerekanwe muri mm.Reka rero tuvuge ko tugerageza gupima uburebure bwa 10mm.Inzira yaba 1.0 + 10/300 = 1.0 + 1/30 cyangwa 1.03 micron.

Micron ni igihumbi cya mm, ni nka 0.00003937.Ikosa rero mugihe upima uburebure bwa 10mm ni 0.00103 mm cyangwa 0.00004055.Ibyo ntibiri munsi yigice cyacumi - ikosa rito!

Kurundi ruhande, umuntu agomba kugira ukuri 10x ibyo tugerageza gupima.Ibyo rero bivuze ko niba dushobora kwizera gusa iki gipimo kuri 10x ako gaciro, cyangwa 0.00005.Biracyari ikosa rito.

Ibintu bigenda ndetse murkier kububiko bwa CMM gupima.Niba CMM icumbikiwe muri laboratoire igenzurwa n'ubushyuhe, ifasha cyane.Ariko Kumagorofa, Ubushyuhe burashobora gutandukana cyane.Hariho uburyo butandukanye CMM ishobora kwishyura ubushyuhe butandukanye, ariko ntanimwe itunganye.

Abakora CMM bakunze kwerekana neza umurongo wubushyuhe, kandi ukurikije ISO 10360-2 igipimo cya CMM, umurongo usanzwe ni 64-72F (18-22C).Nibyiza keretse niba Igorofa yawe Igorofa ari 86F mu cyi.Noneho ntabwo ufite icyerekezo cyiza cyamakosa.

Bamwe mubakora bazaguha urwego rwintambwe cyangwa ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe butandukanye.Ariko bigenda bite iyo uri murwego rurenze rumwe kugirango ukore ibice bimwe mubihe bitandukanye byumunsi cyangwa iminsi itandukanye yicyumweru?

Umuntu atangira gukora bije idashidikanywaho yemerera imanza mbi.Niba izo manza mbi zivamo kwihanganira ibintu bitemewe kubice byawe, hakenewe izindi mpinduka:

• Urashobora kugabanya imikoreshereze ya CMM mugihe runaka cyumunsi iyo temps iguye murwego rwiza.
• Urashobora guhitamo gukora imashini gusa kwihanganira ibice cyangwa ibiranga mugihe cyumunsi.
• Ibyiza bya CMM birashobora kuba bifite ibisobanuro byiza kubushyuhe bwawe.Bashobora kuba bafite agaciro nubwo bishobora kuba bihenze cyane.

Nibyo, izi ngamba zizahungabanya ubushobozi bwawe bwo guteganya neza akazi kawe.Mu buryo butunguranye, uratekereza ko kugenzura ikirere neza ku Igorofa bishobora kuba igishoro cyiza.

Urashobora kubona uburyo iki kintu cyo gupima cyose kiba cyiza cyane.

Ibindi bikoresho bijyana nuburyo kwihanganira kugenzurwa na CMM byerekanwe.Igipimo cya zahabu ni Geometric Dimensioning na Tolerancing (GD&T).Reba amasomo yacu yo gutangiza kuri GD&T kugirango umenye byinshi.

Porogaramu ya CMM

Gukoresha CMM ubwoko butandukanye bwa software.Ibisanzwe byitwa DMIS, bisobanura Dimensional Measurement Interface Standard.Mugihe atariyo porogaramu nyamukuru ya software kuri buri ruganda rwa CMM, benshi muribo nibura barabishyigikira.

Ababikora bakoze uburyohe bwihariye kugirango bongere imirimo yo gupima idashyigikiwe na DMIS.

DMIS

Nkuko byavuzwe DMIS, nibisanzwe, ariko nka g-code ya CNC, hari imvugo nyinshi zirimo:

• PC-DMIS: verisiyo ya Hexagon
• Gufungura
• TouchDMIS: Perceptron

MCOSMOS

MCOSTMOS ni software ya CMM ya Nikon.

Calypso

Calypso ni software ya CMM kuva Zeiss.

Porogaramu ya CMM na CAD / CAM

Nigute software ya CMM na Porogaramu bifitanye isano na software ya CAD / CAM?

Hariho imiterere myinshi ya dosiye ya CAD, reba rero software yawe ya CMM ihuye nayo.Kwishyira hamwe kwanyuma kwitwa Model ishingiye kubisobanuro (MBD).Hamwe na MBD, icyitegererezo ubwacyo kirashobora gukoreshwa mugukuramo ibipimo bya CMM.

MDB ni nziza cyane, ntabwo rero ikoreshwa mubibazo byinshi.

Ibibazo bya CMM, Ibikoresho, nibikoresho

Ibibazo bya CMM

Ubwoko butandukanye bwa probe nuburyo burahari kugirango byorohereze porogaramu nyinshi zitandukanye.

Ibikoresho bya CMM

Ibikoresho byose bibika umwanya mugihe cyo gupakira no gupakurura ibice kuri CMM, nko kuri Machine ya CNC.Urashobora no kubona CMM ifite ibyuma byikora pallet yikora kugirango yinjize byinshi.

Igiciro cyimashini ya CMM

Imashini Nshya yo gupima imashini itangirira ku $ 20.000 kugeza 30.000 $ ikagera hejuru ya miliyoni imwe.

Akazi kajyanye na CMM mumaduka yimashini

Umuyobozi wa CMM

Porogaramu ya CMM

Umuyobozi wa CMM