Imbuga zo gupima granite, nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu gupima neza, zizwiho ubukana bwazo bwinshi, ubushobozi bwo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe buke, hamwe no kudahinduka cyane mu binyabutabire. Zikoreshwa cyane mu bipimo no mu duce twa laboratwari. Ariko, iyo zikoreshejwe igihe kirekire, izimbuga ntabwo zikingiwe burundu no guhinduka, kandi ibibazo ibyo ari byo byose bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bipimo. Impamvu zitera guhinduka kwa granite ni ingorabahizi, zifitanye isano rya hafi n'ibidukikije byo hanze, uburyo bwo gukoreshwa, uburyo bwo gushyiraho, n'imiterere y'ibikoresho.
Mbere na mbere, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ikirere akenshi bigira uruhare runini mu guhindura imiterere y'urukuta. Nubwo ikigereranyo cyo kwaguka kw'umurongo wa granite kiri hasi cyane, kwaguka no guhindagurika kw'ubushyuhe bishobora gutera imiyoboro mito cyangwa guhindagurika mu gace runaka iyo ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rirenze ± 5°C. Urukuta rushyirwa hafi y'aho ubushyuhe buturuka cyangwa rushyizwe ku zuba igihe kirekire rushobora kwaguka cyane bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bw'aho hantu. Ingaruka z'ubushuhe nazo ni ingenzi. Nubwo granite ifite igipimo gito cyo kwinjiza amazi, mu bidukikije bifite ubushuhe burenze 70%, kwinjira mu bushuhe igihe kirekire bishobora kugabanya ubukana bw'ubuso ndetse bigatera kwaguka kw'aho hantu, bigahungabanya ubuziranenge bw'urukuta.
Uretse ibintu bidukikije, kwikorera imizigo nabi nabyo ni impamvu ikunze gutera kwangirika. Amabaraza ya granite akozwe afite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo, akenshi kimwe cya cumi cy'imbaraga zayo zo gukanda. Kurenga ubu buryo bishobora gutuma urubuga rusaswa cyangwa rukagabanuka, amaherezo bigatuma urubuga rutakaza ubuziranenge bwarwo bw'umwimerere. Byongeye kandi, gushyira ahantu hatameze neza bishobora gutera umuvuduko ukabije mu mfuruka cyangwa mu gace, bigatera ubwinshi bw'imihangayiko, ndetse n'igihe, bigatuma habaho kwangirika.
Uburyo bwo gushyiraho urubuga n'uburyo bwo kurushyigikira nabyo bigira ingaruka ku buryo rudahindagurika mu gihe kirekire. Iyo urwego ubwarwo rudahagaze neza cyangwa aho urwego rushyigikira rukagera ku rugero rungana, urubuga ruzahura n'imitwaro idahuye uko igihe kigenda gihita, byanze bikunze bigatera kwangirika. Inkunga y'ingingo eshatu ni uburyo bukwiye ku rundi ruhande ruto n'uruciriritse. Ariko, ku rundi ruhande runini rupima toni imwe, gukoresha urwego rw'ingingo eshatu bishobora gutuma hagati ku rundi ruhande hagwa bitewe n'intera nini iri hagati y'aho urwego rushyigikira. Kubwibyo, urubuga runini rukunze gusaba imiterere myinshi cyangwa irekuye kugira ngo rukwirakwize imbaraga.
Byongeye kandi, nubwo granite ishaje karemano, kurekura ibisigazwa by'ibisigazwa uko igihe kigenda gihita bishobora gutera kwangirika guto. Iyo hari ibintu birimo aside cyangwa alkaline mu bidukikije, imiterere y'ibikoresho ishobora kwangirika mu buryo bwa shimi, bigagabanya ubukana bw'ubuso kandi bikagira ingaruka ku buryo urubuga rukora neza.
Kugira ngo hirindwe kandi bigabanye ibi bibazo, hagomba gushyirwaho ingamba nyinshi zo gukumira. Ahantu heza ho gukorera hagomba kugumana ubushyuhe bwa 20±2°C n'ubushuhe bwa 40%-60%, hirindwa izuba ryinshi n'ubushyuhe. Mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, koresha uduce duto two kwitandukanya n'izuba cyangwa udupapuro twa rubber, kandi ugenzure kenshi niba uburebure bw'izuba bungana ukoresheje icyuma gipima urwego cyangwa ikoranabuhanga. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha buri munsi, ubushobozi bw'umutwaro bugomba kubahirizwa cyane. Ibikoresho bigomba kuba biri munsi ya 80% by'umutwaro ntarengwa, kandi bigomba gushyirwa ahantu hatandukanye uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo hirindwe uburemere bw'umuvuduko. Ku mbuga nini, gukoresha imiterere y'inkunga y'ibintu byinshi bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwangirika bitewe n'uburemere bukabije.
Kugira ngo imiterere y’amabara ya granite ikoreshwe neza bisaba igenzura n’isukura buri gihe. Muri rusange, ni byiza gukora igenzura ry’ubugari buri mezi atandatu. Iyo ikosa rirenze ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kwihanganira, urubuga rugomba gusubizwa mu ruganda kugira ngo rwongere rugasanwe cyangwa rugakosorwa. Uduce duto cyangwa imyobo ku buso bw’urukuta bishobora gusanwa hakoreshejwe diyama itera ubugari kugira ngo bisubize ubugari bw’ubuso. Ariko, niba ubugari bukabije kandi bugoye gusana, urubuga rugomba gusimburwa vuba. Iyo udakoreshwa, ni byiza gupfuka urubuga n’igipapuro kidapfuka umukungugu kugira ngo wirinde ko ivumbi ryiyongera kandi ukarubika ahantu humutse kandi hahumeka umwuka. Mu gihe cyo gutwara, koresha agasanduku k’ibiti n’ibikoresho byo kubyinika kugira ngo wirinde guhinda no gucika.
Muri rusange, nubwo ibyuma bipima granite bitanga imiterere myiza y’umubiri, ntabwo bidashobora kwangirika burundu. Binyuze mu kugenzura ibidukikije neza, gushyigikira gushyiramo neza, gucunga neza imizigo, no kubungabunga buri gihe, ibyago byo kwangirika bishobora kugabanuka cyane, bigatuma habaho ukuri no kudahindagurika mu gihe kirekire, bigatanga inkunga yizewe yo gupima neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 10 Nzeri 2025