Muburyo bwuzuye kandi bugoye bwo gukora igice cya kabiri cyogupakira wafer, guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe ni nk "" gusenya "byihishe mu mwijima, bigahora bibangamira ubwiza bwo gupakira no gukora chip. Uhereye ku itandukaniro ryoguhindura ubushyuhe bwumuriro hagati ya chipi nibikoresho bipakira kugeza impinduka zikabije zubushyuhe mugihe cyo gupakira, inzira yibisekuruza byumuriro wumuriro iratandukanye, ariko byose byerekana ibisubizo byo kugabanya umusaruro kandi bikagira ingaruka kumyizerere ndende ya chip. Ikibanza cya granite, hamwe nibintu byihariye byihariye, biraceceka bihinduka "umufasha" ukomeye mugukemura ikibazo cyumuriro.
Ikibazo cyo guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe mu gupakira wafer
Gupakira Wafer bikubiyemo umurimo wo gufatanya ibikoresho byinshi. Chip isanzwe igizwe nibikoresho bya semiconductor nka silicon, mugihe ibikoresho byo gupakira nkibikoresho byo gupakira plastike hamwe na substrate biratandukanye mubwiza. Iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse mugihe cyo gupakira, ibikoresho bitandukanye biratandukanye cyane murwego rwo kwaguka kwinshi no kugabanuka bitewe nubudasa bugaragara muri coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe (CTE). Kurugero, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwa chipiki ya silicon igera kuri 2,6 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, mugihe coefficente yo kwagura amashyuza yibikoresho bisanzwe bya epoxy resin ibumba ari 15-20 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃. Iki cyuho kinini gitera kugabanuka kurwego rwa chip nibikoresho byo gupakira bidahuje mugihe cyo gukonjesha nyuma yo gupakira, bikabyara ingufu zikomeye zumuriro kuri interineti byombi. Munsi yingaruka zikomeje ziterwa nubushyuhe bwumuriro, wafer irashobora guhindagurika no guhinduka. Mu bihe bikomeye, irashobora no gutera inenge zica nko gucamo chip, kuvunika kw'abacuruzi, hamwe no gutandukanya interineti, bikaviramo kwangiza imikorere y'amashanyarazi ya chip no kugabanuka cyane mubuzima bwa serivisi. Nk’uko imibare y’inganda ibigaragaza, igipimo cy’ibipfunyika cya wafer cyatewe n’ibibazo by’umuriro birashobora kuba hejuru ya 10% kugeza kuri 15%, bikaba ikintu cyingenzi kibuza iterambere ryiza kandi ryiza ry’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Ibyiza biranga granite shingiro
Coefficient nkeya yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe: Granite igizwe ahanini na kirisiti ya minisiteri nka quartz na feldspar, kandi coefficente yayo yo kwagura amashyuza ni mike cyane, muri rusange kuva kuri 0,6 kugeza 5 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, ikaba yegereye iy'ibishishwa bya silicon. Ibi biranga bifasha ko mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho bipfunyika wafer, kabone niyo bihura nihindagurika ryubushyuhe, itandukaniro ryo kwaguka kwubushyuhe hagati ya granite base na chip nibikoresho bipakira bigabanuka cyane. Kurugero, iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse kuri 10 ℃, ubunini butandukanye bwibikoresho bipakira byubatswe kuri base ya granite birashobora kugabanukaho hejuru ya 80% ugereranije nicyuma gisanzwe, ibyo bikaba bigabanya cyane ubushyuhe bwumuriro buterwa no kwaguka kwubushyuhe bwa asinchronous no kugabanuka, kandi bigatanga ibidukikije bihamye bya wafer.
Ubushyuhe bwiza buhebuje: Granite ifite ubushyuhe budasanzwe. Imiterere yimbere ni yuzuye, kandi kristu irahuzwa cyane binyuze muri ionic na covalent bond, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwihuta imbere. Iyo ibikoresho byo gupakira bigenda byuzuzanya byubushyuhe, base ya granite irashobora guhagarika neza ingaruka zimihindagurikire yubushyuhe kuri yo kandi ikagumana umurima uhagaze neza. Ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ukurikije igipimo cy’ubushyuhe busanzwe bw’ibikoresho bipakira (nka ± 5 ℃ ku munota), ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’uburinganire bwa granite bushobora kugenzurwa muri ± 0.1 ℃, hakirindwa ikibazo cy’imiterere y’ubushyuhe bw’umuriro buterwa n’ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe bwaho, byemeza ko wafer iri ahantu hamwe n’ubushyuhe butajegajega mu gihe cyo gupakira, no kugabanya inkomoko y’imyuka y’ubushyuhe.
Gukomera cyane no kunyeganyega: Mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho bipakira wafer, ibice byimashini imbere (nka moteri, ibikoresho byohereza, nibindi) bizabyara kunyeganyega. Niba ibyo kunyeganyega byandujwe kuri wafer, bizongera ibyangiritse biterwa nubushyuhe bwumuriro kuri wafer. Ibishingwe bya Granite bifite ubukana bwinshi nuburemere burenze ubw'ibikoresho byinshi byuma, bishobora kurwanya neza kwivanga kwinyeganyeza zo hanze. Hagati aho, imiterere yihariye yimbere itanga imbaraga nziza zo kunyeganyega kandi ikanabasha gukwirakwiza imbaraga zinyeganyega vuba. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana ko base ya granite ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi (100-1000Hz) iterwa no gukoresha ibikoresho byo gupakira 60% kugeza 80%, bikagabanya cyane ingaruka ziterwa no kunyeganyega hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, kandi bikarushaho kwemeza neza kandi neza kwizerwa ryapakira wafer.
Ingaruka ifatika
Mumurongo wapakira wafer yumushinga uzwi cyane wo gukora semiconductor uruganda, nyuma yo kwinjiza ibikoresho bipakira hamwe na base ya granite, ibyagezweho bidasanzwe. Hashingiwe ku isesengura ryamakuru yubugenzuzi bwa waferi 10,000 nyuma yo gupakira, mbere yo gufata base ya granite, igipimo cy’inenge cyo gutwarwa na wafer cyatewe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’ubushyuhe cyari 12%. Nyamara, nyuma yo guhindukira kuri granite base, igipimo cy inenge cyaragabanutse cyane kugera kuri 3%, kandi umusaruro watanzwe cyane. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ibizamini byigihe kirekire byizewe byerekanye ko nyuma yinzinguzingo 1.000 yubushyuhe bwo hejuru (125 ℃) nubushyuhe buke (-55 ℃), umubare wabaguzi bafatanije kunanirwa na chip ushingiye kuri pack ya base ya granite wagabanutseho 70% ugereranije nububiko gakondo, kandi imikorere ihamye ya chip yazamutse cyane.
Mugihe tekinoroji ya semiconductor ikomeje gutera imbere igana neza kandi ntoya, ibisabwa kugirango igenzure ryumuriro mubipfunyika bya wafer biragenda bikomera. Ibibanza bya Granite, hamwe nibyiza byuzuye muburyo bwo kwagura ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwumuriro no kugabanya kunyeganyega, byabaye amahitamo yingenzi yo kuzamura ireme ryapakira wafer no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa numuriro. Barimo kugira uruhare runini mugutezimbere iterambere rirambye ryinganda ziciriritse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-15-2025