Hirya y'Icyumba: Ni gute Isahani yo gupima Granite iba ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi ku isi cy'ibipimo by'ikirere?

Mu isiganwa rikomeje ryerekeza ku mupaka wa nanometero, ibisabwa ku bijyanye no gukora neza biriyongera cyane. Abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi bashushanya sisitemu zihindagurika zifite imiyoboro ya sub-micron kandi bagakoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe, ariko igipimo cy'ubwiza gikunze kugaragara ku musingi woroshye kandi uhamye uboneka: granite isobanutse neza.isahani yo gupimiraho granite, akenshi ikoreshwa nk'Imbonerahamwe y'Ibipimo bya Granite, si igice cy'ibikoresho gusa; ni ishusho nyayo y'umubumbe wa zeru, aho icyerekezo kidahinduka cyemeza ibindi bice byose muri sisitemu ifite ubuhanga bwo hejuru.

Igisubizo cyuzuye—kirimo icyapa cy’umukara gikozwe mu buryo buboneye cya granite, icyapa cyihariye cya granite gifite inkingi, n’ameza yose yo gupimira ya granite ifite aho ihagarara—bigaragaza uburebure bw’igipimo cy’ubudahangarwa. Ibi bikoresho ni byo bishingirwaho mu kuyungurura akajagari k’ibidukikije mu nganda, bigatuma ibisubizo byo gupima bikurikiranwa kandi byizewe.

Fiziki idahinduka y'Ibara ry'Umukara ry'Ubuso bwa Granite

Icyizerwa kidakuka gishyirwa muri granite hejuru y’ibindi bikoresho (nk'icyuma cyangwa sima ya polymer) gishingiye ku miterere ibiri y’ingenzi kandi idahinduka: ubushyuhe budasanzwe buhamye no kudakoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu gutigita.

Guhagarara neza mu bushyuhe: Akamaro ka CTE gake

Mu bidukikije byose bigenzurwa n’ikirere, ihindagurika rito ry’ubushyuhe ntirishobora kwirindwa. Ku bikoresho by’icyuma, ibi bitera kudahinduka kw’ibipimo bitewe n’ubwiyongere bwabyo bw’ubushyuhe (CTE). Igishushanyo cy’icyuma gishobora guhindura mikorometero nyinshi mu gihe cy’ihindagurika rito ry’ubushyuhe, bigahita bibangamira ubuziranenge bwabyo.

Ubuziranenge bw'umukaraibisate by'ubuso bya granite, cyane cyane ibikomoka ku bidukikije bifite ubucucike bwinshi (nk'ibikoresho bya ZHHIMG bigera kuri 3100 kg / m³), ​​bifite CTE nke cyane. Iyi miterere y'ibikoresho karemano ituma impinduka mu buso bwo gupima zigabanuka, bigatanga icyerekezo gikomeza kuba ukuri hatitawe ku ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa granite ifite ubucucike bwinshi buyifasha kurwanya ubushyuhe bwihuse, bigatuma ubushyuhe buturuka ku bikoresho bikoranaho cyangwa ibipimo budahindura imiterere y'ubuso.

Imikorere yo Kugabanya Ingufu: Gucecekesha Ibidukikije

Muri laboratwari y’ubumenyi bw’ikirere, ubuhanga bw’imashini bugomba gutandukana n’imitingito yo hasi. Imiterere ya Granite ikoze nk’iy’ubutare iha ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe imbere mu buryo bukabije, bivuze ko yinjiza ingufu za mekanike vuba kandi ikayihindura ubushyuhe buke. Iyo ibikoresho byo gupima Granite bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru bishyizwe ku isahani, granite igabanya neza ijwi, ikarinda urusaku rw’ibidukikije kwangiza ibipimo byoroshye bikorwa na CMM, optique profilers, cyangwa laser interferometers. Iki gipimo cy’ikirere gituje ntigishobora kuganirwaho mu igenzura rya nanoscale.

Kuva ku cyapa kugeza kuri sisitemu: Ameza yo gupima Granite ifite aho ihagarara

Nubwo icyuma gipima granite ubwacyo gitanga ubusugire, ameza yo gupimira granite ifite aho ihagarara ihindura ubuso butagira aho bubogamiye mo sitasiyo y’ibipimo ikora neza kandi ihujwe. Imiterere y’uburyo bwo gushyigikira ni ingenzi kimwe n’ibikoresho by’icyuma gipima.

Guhuza plaque y'ubuso bwa granite n'inkunga byakozwe kugira ngo bigumane ubusugire bwemewe bw'iplaque. Imiterere y'inkunga isanzwe igenewe guhuza neza n'ingingo z'umwuka cyangwa ingingo za Bessel, ari zo ngingo nziza zo gushyigikira zikwirakwiza umuvuduko mu buryo bungana kandi zikagabanya guhindagurika ku buso bwose. Ku plaque nini cyane cyangwa ziremereye, hakoreshwa sisitemu zikomeye zo gushyigikira ingingo nyinshi, akenshi zifite ibirenge byo kugorora cyangwa udupira two kwitandukanya.

Ameza yo gupimira ya granite nziza cyane ifite aho ihagarara igenzura ko icyuma gipima neza gikomeza kuba gito. Iyo habayeho kutumvikana mu buryo buhamye cyangwa uburyo icyuma gipima neza, bihita bihinduka uburyo bwo kugorama, bigatuma icyuma cyose kitagira icyo kimaze mu kazi gakozwe neza cyane. Kubwibyo, sisitemu yose y'ameza ikunze gufatwa nk'igice kimwe, cyuzuye neza cya Granite Metrology Table, gikozwe neza kandi gihabwa icyemezo cyo kuba kiri aho umukiriya akorera.

Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima by'ibikoresho byo gupima Granite

Akamaro k'isahani yo gupimiraho granite kaboneka binyuze mu bikoresho byo gupimiraho granite. Ibi bikoresho - kare za granite, impande zigororotse, V-blocks, n'ibigereranyo - bigomba gukorwa mu bikoresho bimwe bya granite bifite ubucucike bwinshi kugira ngo ibikoresho bibe bimwe mu gihe cyose cyo gupima. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukomeze kuringaniza no kudahindagurika kw'ibintu byose bigize igikorwa cyo kugenzura.

Mu gusuzuma ubugari bw'icyuma kigoye, urugero, ubugari bw'urukiramende rwa granite ugereranije n'icyapa, ubugari bw'umurongo wa granite, n'ubugari bw'icyapa cyo gupimira granite bigomba kuba bihuye neza kandi byemejwe. Uburimbane bw'ibi bikoresho byose—byose bishingiye ku miterere y'ibikoresho bya granite—bihamya ko amakosa ya geometrike yabonetse koko ari amakosa ari mu gikoresho, ntabwo ari sisitemu yo gupima.

Ubutegetsi bw'Impamyabumenyi n'Ubukorikori

Gukora icyuma cy’umukara cyo ku rwego rw’isi gikozwe mu buryo butangaje kirenze gukora gusa; bisaba uruvange rw’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’ubuhanga budasanzwe bw’abantu.

1. Ubushobozi Bunini: Abatanga ibicuruzwa bakomeye bagomba kuba bafite ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo bakore ibyuma bipima binini ku isi, bisaba ibikoresho byihariye bya CNC bishobora gutwara ibice birenza toni 100 n'uburebure bwa metero 20.

2. Icyemezo cy’Ubuziranenge: Ubugari bwa nyuma bugerwaho binyuze mu nzira igoye yo gukubita intoki, ikorwa n’abanyabukorikori b’abahanga bafite uburambe bw’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugera ku gipimo cya 00 cyangwa 1/2 cya A, bupimirwa mu bice bya mikoroni cyangwa nanometero, bwemezwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bigezweho nka laser interferometers, byose bikaba bigenzurwa hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga (NIST, PTB, NPL).

3. Iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mpuzamahanga: Sisitemu y’ubuziranenge igomba kuba yemejwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza mpuzamahanga menshi (ISO 9001, 14001, 45001) kandi ikaba ishobora kwemeza amapine hakurikijwe amabwiriza atandukanye, harimo DIN, ASME, JIS, na GB, bityo ikagenzura ko Granite Metrology Table yujuje ibisabwa bikomeye ku isi.

Uburambe n'ububasha by'ibi bikoresho byo gupima Granite bigaragaza ihame ry'ibanze: muri iki gihe cy'imikorere ihindagurika, ukuri kw'imiterere y'ikirere kugomba guhora kudahinduka, guhamye, kandi gukurikiranwa. Isahani y'ubuso bwa granite ifite inkunga, ikora nk'ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi, ikomeza kuba ishingiro ritajegajega rya buri ntambwe y'ikoranabuhanga mu buhanga buhanitse cyane.