Mu rwego rwo gukora ibintu binini bya nanometer, imbogamizi zifatika z’ubukanishi bushingiye ku gukoranaho zabaye imbogamizi ikomeye. Mu gihe abayobozi b’inganda baharanira ko umusaruro wihuta kandi ukagira ubushobozi bwo gukora neza mu gupima no kugenzura ikirere, kwishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutwara ikirere byahindutse kuva ku kuba ikintu cy’agaciro gakomeye kugera ku kuba ikintu cy’ingenzi mu nganda. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bw’udupira tw’umwuka n’ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo gukomera kw’udupira tw’umwuka ni ingenzi ku injeniyeri uwo ari we wese uzakora igenamigambi ry’uburyo bw’impinduka mu gisekuru gitaha.
Gusobanukirwa Ubwoko bw'ibanze bwa Air Bearings
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutwara umwuka rikora ku ihame ry’umwuka woroshye cyane ushyigikira umutwaro, bigakuraho neza ukugongana, kwangirika, no gutanga ubushyuhe bifitanye isano n’ibyuma bikoresha umwuka. Ariko, uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza umwuka bugena imikorere y’icyuma gitwara umwuka.
Ibyuma bitanga umwuka binini bikunze gufatwa nk'icyitegererezo cya zahabu mu gukwirakwiza umuvuduko umwe. Mu gukoresha ibikoresho bifite imyenge—ubusanzwe karuboni cyangwa ibumba ryabugenewe—umwuka unyura mu mwobo wa za mikorobe miliyoni. Ibi bituma umwuka uhora uhindagurika cyane, udakunze kunyeganyega kandi ugatanga ubushuhe bwinshi.
Ibyuma by’umwuka bya Orifice bikoresha imyobo cyangwa imiyoboro byakozwe neza kugira ngo bikwirakwize umwuka. Nubwo akenshi byoroshye gukora, bisaba abahanga mu by’ubuhanga kugira ngo bacunge "uburyo bwo kwishyura umuvuduko" bukenewe kugira ngo hirindwe ko umwuka udahindagurika ku muvuduko mwinshi.
Flat Pad Air Bearings ni zo zikoreshwa cyane mu kuyobora imikorere y’umurongo ugororotse. Izi zikunze gushyirwa mu matsinda abiri ahanganye kugira ngo "zishyiremo" umuyoboro wa granite mbere y’uko ushyirwamo, bigatuma ubukana bukabije mu byerekezo byinshi.
Ibyuma by’umwuka bizunguruka (Rotary Air Bearings) bitanga imikorere y’amakosa hafi ya zeru ku bikorwa nka goniometry cyangwa spindle testing. Ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kugumana umurongo uhoraho wo kuzenguruka nta "rumble" y’ibyuma by’umupira bituma biba ngombwa cyane mu gushyira hagati mu kirere.
Igipimo cy'Ubwubatsi bw'Intsinzi: Uburyo bwo Gukomera ku Gipimo cy'Ubwugarizi bw'Ibintu
Kimwe mu bitekerezo bikunze kugaragara mu bumetrologiya ni uko ibyuma bipima umwuka ari "byoroshye" ugereranije n'ibyuma bipima umwuka. Mu by'ukuri, gukomera kw'ibikoresho bipima umwuka muri iki gihe bishobora kurenza ukw'ibikoresho bipima umwuka iyo byakozwe neza.
Ubukana mu buryo bwo gutwara umwuka busobanura ihinduka ry'ubugari bwa firime y'umwuka bitewe n'ihinduka ry'umutwaro. Ibi bigerwaho binyuze mu "gushyiramo icyuma mbere yo gushyiramo umwuka." Hakoreshejwe magnets cyangwa pressure ya vacuum—cyangwa gufata icyuma cya granite gifite aho umwuka unyura—abahanga mu by'imashini bashobora gukanda firime y'umwuka. Uko firime igenda irushaho kuba nto, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudakandamizwa buriyongera cyane.
Ubukana bwinshi ni ingenzi cyane kuko bugena ingano karemano y'imikorere ya sisitemu n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ibintu bihungabanya inyuma, nk'imbaraga ziterwa na moteri yihuta cyane. Muri ZHHIMG, dukoresha imbaraga z'amazi y'ikoranabuhanga (CFD) kugira ngo twongere icyuho kiri hagati y'ubwirinzi n'umuyoboro.Ubuyobozi bwa granite, kugenzura ko gukomera kw'imigendere birushaho kwiyongera nta kwangiza imiterere y'imigendere idahindagurika.
Iterambere rya Sisitemu y'Ubuyobozi bw'Imigendere ya Linear
Guhuza ibyuma biyobora umwuka mu buryo bw'umurongo ugororotse byahinduye imiterere y'imashini zigezweho. Ubusanzwe, ibyuma biyobora umurongo ugororotse byari bigizwe n'icyuma gifata umugozi n'igare ry'umupira rizenguruka. Nubwo bikomeye, izi mashini zihura n'ikibazo cyo "gufunga" no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe.
Sisitemu igezweho kandi ifite umurongo ugororotse ubu ikunze kugira umuraba wa granite, utanga ubugari bukenewe n'ubushyuhe, hamwe n'ikigega gitwara umwuka. Uku guhuza kwemerera:
-
Nta guhindagurika kw'ibintu (static friction), bituma habaho kugenda buhoro buhoro.
-
Ubuzima butagira iherezo, kuko nta kwangirika kw'ibikoresho hagati y'ibice.
-
Imiterere yo kwisukura, kuko umwuka uhora usohoka ubuza ivumbi kwinjira mu cyuho cy'umuyoboro w'amazi.
Uruhare rw'abakora ikoranabuhanga ritwara umwuka mu nganda 4.0
Guhitamo mu bakora ikoranabuhanga ritwara ikirere bikubiyemo gusuzuma ibirenze gusa icyuma gitwara ikirere ubwacyo. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryagenze neza cyane ni irifata icyuma gitwara ikirere, icyuma giyobora ikirere, n'imiterere y'inkunga nk'uburyo bumwe kandi buhuriweho.
Nk’inganda zihariye, ZHHIMG Group ihuza icyuho kiri hagati y’ubumenyi bw’ibintu n’ihindagurika ry’amazi. Twibanda ku gukora ibice bya granite bikoreshwa nk’inzira y’ikirere kuri izi firime z’umwuka. Kubera ko icyuma gifata umwuka kiba gifite ubuziranenge nk’ubuso bw’aho kiguruka, ubushobozi bwacu bwo gukurura granite ku rugero rwa sub-micron flatness ni bwo butuma sisitemu zacu zikora neza mu mikorere y’umurongo kugira ngo zigere ku rwego rwa nanometer.
Ubusabe bw'izi sisitemu buri kwiyongera mu rwego rw'igenzura rya semiconductor, aho kwimukira kuri node za 2nm na 1nm bisaba ibyiciro bishobora kugenda nta gutigita na gato. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu rwego rw'indege, gupima ibice binini bya turbine bisaba ubushobozi bunini bwa granite hamwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoraho ibyuma bishyigikiwe n'umwuka.
Umwanzuro: Gushyiraho Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'Ingendo y'Amazi
Impinduka kuva ku gukoranaho kwa mekanike kugera ku gushyigikira filime y'amazi igaragaza impinduka mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga rya mekanike. Mu gusobanukirwa imbaraga zihariye z'ubwoko butandukanye bw'umwuka no kwibanda ku kamaro gakomeye kogukomera kw'ubuyobozi bw'ikirere, abakora ibintu bashobora kugera ku rwego rwo gukora neza cyane mbere byafatwaga nk'ibidashoboka.
Muri ZHHIMG, twiyemeje kuba abatanga ibikoresho birenze gusa. Turi abafatanyabikorwa mu bijyanye no gukora neza, dutanga ishingiro rikomeye ry’amabuye n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rikenewe kugira ngo dutere imbere ahazaza h’udushya ku isi. Iyo ingendo idafite umuvuduko, amahirwe yo gukora neza aba adafite imipaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2026