Mu nzego zigezweho nko gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, kugenzura neza ikoreshwa ry'amatara, no gutunganya ibikoresho bya nanomaterial, guhagarara neza no gukora neza kw'ibikoresho bigena neza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa n'umusaruro. Imbuga za granite zikoresha ikoreshwa ry'imashini, zifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga inshuro esheshatu z'ibyuma bishongeshejwe, zirimo kuba nshya zikunzwe cyane mu nganda. Ni izihe ndangagaciro zidasimburwa ziri inyuma y'iyi nyungu y'imikorere? Reka turebere hamwe inyungu z'ingenzi zo guhitamo imbuga za granite zikoresha ikoreshwa ry'imashini.
1. Ingwate y'ubuziranenge busesuye, amakosa mato ntabwo akiri ikibazo
Mu gihe cyo gukora nanoscale, guhindagurika guke bishobora gutuma ikintu gikurwaho. Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe gihuye n'uguhindagurika guterwa n'imikorere y'ibikoresho cyangwa ukwivanga kw'ibidukikije byo hanze, bitewe n'uko kidakora neza, ingufu zo guhindagurika ziragorana gucika vuba, bigatuma ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho byimuka cyangwa bigatigita. Urubuga rwa granite, rufite imiterere yarwo idasanzwe yo guhindagurika, rushobora guhindura ingufu zo guhindagurika mo ingufu z'ubushyuhe kugira ngo zisesengurwe mu kanya gato, bigahagarika neza uburyo bwo kohereza no kongera imbaraga zo guhindagurika.
Fata urugero rw'imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor photolithography. Nyuma yo gukoresha urubuga rwa granite precision, amplitude ya vibration ya lens yagabanutse kuva kuri ± 8μm ikagera kuri ± 1.3μm, bigabanya ikosa ry'ubugari bw'umurongo w'ishusho ya chip ho 75% kandi binongera cyane uburyo chip ikora neza. Mu igenzura rya vibration, ishobora kwemeza ko lens y'ishusho y'igikoresho cyo kugenzura iguma ihamye, yirinda guhindagurika kw'amashusho no guhindagurika kw'amakuru guterwa no guhindagurika, ndetse bigatuma n'utunenge duto ku rwego rwa 0.1μm tutagira aho twihisha.
Icya kabiri, ifite igihe kirekire cyane cyo kuyikoresha kandi igabanya ikiguzi rusange
Mu gihe cy’igihe kirekire kandi gikunze kunyeganyega no gukubitwa, icyuma gishongeshejwe gishobora kwangirika imbere, bigatuma imbaraga z’inyubako zigabanuka. Gikeneye gusimburwa nyuma y’imyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5, ibyo bikaba byongera igihe cyo kudakora kw’ibikoresho gusa, ahubwo binatanga ikiguzi kinini cyo kubisana no kubisimbuza. Granite igizwe na kristu nka quartz na feldspar, zihuzwa neza binyuze mu migozi ya ionic na covalent. Ifite imiterere ikomeye kandi ingana kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umunaniro ukomeye.
Nubwo nyuma y’ibikorwa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi byo guhindagura, urwego rw’ubuhanga bwa granite ruracyashobora kugumana imiterere ihamye n’iy’imashini, kandi igihe cyo gukora gishobora kuba kirenze inshuro eshatu ugereranyije n’ishingiro ry’icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma. Imibare ituruka ku kigo kimwe gikora ibikoresho by’ubuhanga igaragaza ko nyuma yo gukoresha urwego rw’ubuhanga bwa granite, inshuro zo kubungabunga ibikoresho zagabanutseho 60%, kandi ingengo y’imari ikoreshwa ku mwaka irenga miliyoni imwe y’amayuan.
Icya gatatu. Guhuza neza n'ibidukikije, guhangana n'imimerere igoye yo gukoreramo byoroshye
Mu musaruro nyirizina, ibintu nk'impinduka z'ubushyuhe, imikorere y'amashanyarazi, na corruption ya chemical byose bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho. Ishingiro ry'icyuma gishongeshejwe rifite ingano iri hejuru y'ubushyuhe kandi rishobora guhinduka bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, ibyo bigatuma bigira ingaruka ku buryo ibikoresho bihagaze neza. Hagati aho, rifite corruption nke kandi rishobora kugwa no kwangirika bitewe n'ikwirakwira ry'ibintu bya shimi.
Platifomu za granite zifite ubushobozi bwo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane (1/20 gusa cy'icyuma gishongeshejwe), zishobora kurwanya ingaruka ziterwa n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe. Ifite imiterere ihamye ya shimi kandi ntigira ingaruka ku bintu bikomoka kuri aside cyangwa alkaline, kandi ishobora gukora neza mu bidukikije bigoye nko mu mashami ya semiconductor na laboratwari za shimi. Byongeye kandi, granite ntikoresha amashanyarazi kandi ntabwo ikoresha magnetism, kandi ntigira ingaruka ku kubangamira amashanyarazi, birushaho gutuma imikorere y'ibikoresho ihora ihagaze neza.
Icya kane, imikorere y'inganda yemeje ko bifasha guhangana kw'ibigo gutera imbere
Imikorere y’ibigo byinshi bikomeye mu nganda zitandukanye yagaragaje neza agaciro ka platforme za granite. Nyuma y’uko uruganda rukomeye ku isi rukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor rwasimbuye platforme ya granite, umusaruro wa chips wariyongereye kuva kuri 78% ugera kuri 92%, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora bwazamutseho 30%. Nyuma y’uko uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya optique rugezweho rukoresheje uru rubuga, uburyo bwo kumenya neza ibicuruzwa byarwo bwageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu nganda kandi rwegukanye andi ma orders mpuzamahanga.
Muri iki gihe, irushanwa rikomeye mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bigezweho, guhitamo ibikoresho bigezweho mu gutunganya granite si ukuvugurura imikorere y'ibikoresho gusa, ahubwo ni n'icyemezo cy'ingenzi ku bigo kugira ngo binoze ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, bigabanya ikiguzi kandi birusheho kunoza ipiganwa ku isoko. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho bigezweho mu gutunganya granite bizagira uruhare runini mu nzego nyinshi, bigateza imbere inganda kugira ngo zitere imbere zigana ku buhanga buhanitse kandi burusheho kunoza imikorere yazo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-14-2025